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This article describes a hitherto unreported involvement of the phosphatase PP2Cm, a recently described member of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex, in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). The disease-causing mutation was identified in a patient with a mild variant phenotype,
The branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential amino acids required for protein homeostasis, energy balance, and nutrient signaling. In individuals with deficiencies in BCAA, these amino acids can be preserved through inhibition of the branched-chain-alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex,
Deficient branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are implicated in cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The mechanism remains unknown. BCAAs are catabolized by neuron-specific cytosolic and astrocyte-specific mitochondrial branched-chain aminotransferases (BCATc, BCATm) to generate
Recent application of the tools of molecular biology has provided insight with respect to the structure, regulation, and defects of the genes encoding the PDC and the BCKADC. cDNAs for the alpha-KGDC have only recently been cloned. Evidence for long-term regulation of the expression of the subunits
In this study we investigated the involvement of Ca2+ on the effects of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC), the main metabolite accumulating in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), on the phosphorylating system associated with the intermediate filament (IF) proteins in slices from cerebral cortex of
BACKGROUND
Phosphatidylinositol glycan biosynthesis class A protein (PIGA) is one of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor proteins, which function as enzymes, adhesion molecules, complement regulators and co-receptors in signal transduction pathways.
Genetic defects in amino acid metabolism are major causes of newborn diseases that often lead to abnormal development and function of the central nervous system. Their direct impact on cardiac development and function has rarely been investigated. Recently, the authors have established that a
Protein Phosphatase Mg2+ /Mn2+ Dependent 1K (PPM1K),also named as PP2Cm or branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex phosphatase (BDP), is a member of the metal-dependent phosphatase family and an important metabolic regulator. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PPM1K contributing to
The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are required for protein synthesis and neurotransmitter synthesis. The branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) is the most important regulatory enzyme in the catabolic pathways of the BCAAs. Activity of the complex is controlled by covalent
Liver transplantation appears to be quite beneficial for treatment of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD, an inherited disorder of branched chain amino acid metabolism); however, there is a limited availability of donor livers worldwide and the first year costs of liver transplants are quite high.
The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids and therefore must be continuously available for protein synthesis. However, BCAAs are toxic at high concentrations as evidenced by maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), which explains why animals have such an efficient oxidative mechanism