aconitase/atrofi

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Infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration associated with a mutation in mitochondrial aconitase, ACO2.

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Degeneration of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and retina in infancy is part of the clinical spectrum of lysosomal storage disorders, mitochondrial respiratory chain defects, carbohydrate glycosylation defects, and infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy. We studied eight individuals from two unrelated families

Mutations in the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme, aconitase 2, cause either isolated or syndromic optic neuropathy with encephalopathy and cerebellar atrophy.

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BACKGROUND Inherited optic neuropathy has been ascribed to mutations in mitochondrial fusion/fission dynamics genes, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded respiratory enzyme genes or nuclear genes of poorly known mitochondrial function. However, the disease causing gene remains unknown in many

Fluorocitrate ototoxicity. A morphologic and cytochemical model for primary neural degeneration in the guinea pig cochlea.

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Fluorocitrate, an inhibitor of the tricarboxylic acid cycle at the aconitase reaction, produces a time and dose related neural dystrophy in the guinea pig cochlea. There is direct inhibition of succinic dehydrogenase activity but not nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase and cytochrome

MnSOD deficiency results in elevated oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial function but does not lead to muscle atrophy during aging.

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In a previous study, we reported that a deficiency in MnSOD activity (approximately 80% reduction) targeted to type IIB skeletal muscle fibers was sufficient to elevate oxidative stress and to reduce muscle function in young adult mice (TnIFastCreSod2(fl/fl) mice). In this study, we used

Loss of functional OPA1 unbalances redox state: implications in dominant optic atrophy pathogenesis.

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OBJECTIVE OPA1 mutations cause protein haploinsufficiency leading to dominant optic atrophy (DOA), an incurable retinopathy with variable severity. Up to 20% of patients also develop extraocular neurological complications. The mechanisms that cause this optic atrophy or its syndromic forms are still

Deficiency of inducible nitric oxide synthase attenuates immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice.

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The present study examined the effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) deficiency on skeletal muscle atrophy in single leg-immobilized iNOS knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. The left leg was immobilized for 1 wk, and the right leg was used as the control. Muscle weight and

Plasma metabolomics reveals a diagnostic metabolic fingerprint for mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) deficiency.

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Mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction has been identified in a number of neurodegenerative disorders. Infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration associated with mutations in the mitochondrial aconitase 2 gene (ACO2) has been recently described as a neurodegenerative disease of autosomal

Identification of novel compound heterozygous mutations in ACO2 in a patient with progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy.

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The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a sequence of catabolic reactions within the mitochondrial matrix, and is a central pathway for cellular energy metabolism. Genetic defects affecting the TCA cycle are known to cause severe multisystem disorders.We

Iron alters glutamate secretion by regulating cytosolic aconitase activity.

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Glutamate has many important physiological functions, including its role as a neurotransmitter in the retina and the central nervous system. We have made the novel observations that retinal pigment epithelial cells underlying and intimately interacting with the retina secrete glutamate and that this

Changes to mitochondrial ultrastructure in optic nerve vulnerable to secondary degeneration in vivo are limited by irradiation at 670 nm.

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BACKGROUND Traumatic injury to the central nervous system results in damage to tissue beyond the primary injury, termed secondary degeneration. Key events thought to be associated with secondary degeneration involve aspects of mitochondrial function which may be modulated by red/near-infrared

Functional cellular analyses reveal energy metabolism defect and mitochondrial DNA depletion in a case of mitochondrial aconitase deficiency.

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Defects in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) are associated with a spectrum of neurological phenotypes that are often difficult to diagnose and manage. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) led to a rapid expansion of diagnostic capabilities in such disorders and facilitated a better understanding of

Higher Reliance on Glycolysis Limits Glycolytic Responsiveness in Degenerating Glaucomatous Optic Nerve.

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Metabolic dysfunction accompanies neurodegenerative disease and aging. An important step for therapeutic development is a more sophisticated understanding of the source of metabolic dysfunction, as well as to distinguish disease-associated changes from aging effects. We examined mitochondrial

6-Hydroxydopamine induces mitochondrial ERK activation.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injury to catecholaminergic neurons; however, the mechanism(s) are unclear. In addition to ROS generated during autoxidation, 6-OHDA may initiate secondary cellular sources of ROS that contribute to toxicity. Using a neuronal

Recessive ACO2 variants as a cause of isolated ophthalmologic phenotypes

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The mitochondrial aconitase gene (ACO2) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Biallelic variants in ACO2 are purported to cause two distinct disorders: infantile cerebellar-retinal degeneration (ICRD) which is characterized by CNS

Vascular, oxidative, and synaptosomal abnormalities during aging and the progression of type 2 diabetes.

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Alterations in brain structure and function are a well-known long-term complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although the mechanism(s) by which T2D lead(s) to cognitive dysfunction and neuronal cells degeneration continue(s) to be a matter of debate, vascular alterations emerged as major players in

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