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To evaluate the effects of substrate deficiency on cerebral function, metabolism, and blood flow during seizures, rats were injected intravenously with bicuculline (1.2 mg.kg-1) following a 24-hour period of starvation. During the course of seizures, blood glucose concentrations fell, and when they
Triheptanoin is a triglyceride containing heptanoate, an odd-chained medium fatty acid that is metabolized to produce propionyl-CoA and subsequently C4 intermediates of the citric acid cycle and therefore capable of anaplerosis. These metabolic products are believed to underlie triheptanoin's
Fluoroacetic and fluorocitric acid toxicity is often characterized by seizures, however the mechanism of this activity is unknown. Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of fluorocitrate in mice resulted in seizures after an average latency of 15 s, while intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection produced
We present the case history of a boy, who died at the age of 3 1/2 years after a rapidly progressive neurologic disorder, characterized by psychomotor retardation, hypotonia, hemiparesis, seizures and myoclonic contractions. Histopathologic studies showed slight lipid storage in liver. Autopsy
We hypothesized that in epileptic brains citric acid cycle intermediate levels may be deficient leading to hyperexcitability. Anaplerosis is the metabolic refilling of deficient metabolites. Our goal was to determine the anticonvulsant effects of feeding triheptanoin, the triglyceride of anaplerotic
Seizures are a feature not only of the many forms of epilepsy, but also of global metabolic diseases such as mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (ME) and glycolytic enzymopathy (GE). Modern anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are successful in many cases, but some patients are refractory to existing AEDs, which
A 4-month-old girl presented with myoclonic seizures and an electroencephalogram showing hypsarrhythmia. Hyperglycinuria and a cerebrospinal fluid to plasma glycine ratio of 0.2 suggested the diagnosis of non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia. Propionic acid and methyl citric acid were present in the urine,
A case of propionic acidemia is reported. The main features of this patient were recurrent vomiting, ketosis and occasional episodes of seizure. Serum concentrations of propionic acid and glycine were within the normal range. Blood ammonia was slightly elevated. Characteristic organic acids were
We analyzed lactate, pyruvate, and citric acid cycle intermediates in cerebrospinal fluid by high-performance liquid chromatography in Rett syndrome patients (n = 27; mean age, 5.7 +/- 3.4 years) and age-matched female controls (n = 12; mean age, 7.0 +/- 3.3 years). The lactate, pyruvate,
We investigated both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate and pyruvate levels in seven girls with the Rett syndrome (RS) and evaluated the relationship between CSF lactate and pyruvate levels and the clinical manifestations, particularly seizures, anticonvulsant medication, and breathing
We report an infant with intermittent urinary excretion of D-2-hydroxyglutaric (D-2-OHG) acid who died at the age of 10 months from cardiogenic shock due to cardiomyopathy. High urinary concentrations of D-2-OHG and succinic acid, as well as increased levels of lactic acid were detected on three
Fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which results in a major defect in cellular metabolism. It presents in infancy with progressive encephalopathy, hypotonia, seizures and failure to thrive and is often fatal in childhood. It is caused by mutations in the FH
This is a study of the effects of chronic hypernatremic dehydration and rehydration on carbohydrate, energy, and amino acid metabolism in the brains of weanling mice. Chronic hypernatremic dehydration induced by 4 days of water deprivation and salt loading was associated with severe weight loss (no