colchicine/tobaksläktet

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Discovery and engineering of colchicine alkaloid biosynthesis

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Few complete pathways have been established for the biosynthesis of medicinal compounds from plants. Accordingly, many plant-derived therapeutics are isolated directly from medicinal plants or plant cell culture¹. A lead example is colchicine, a US Food and Drug Administration

Cytological investigations of the interspecific hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum L. x N. glauca Grah.

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Interspecific amphihaploid and amphidiploid hybrids between Nicotiana glauca Grah. (2n = 24) and N. tabacum L. (2n = 48) cultivars BY 103 and K 326 were analysed. F1 amphihaploids (2n = 36) were viable and completely self- and cross-sterile, and mostly univalents were present during meiosis (with

Orientation of cellulose microfibrils in cortical cells of tobacco explants : Effects of microtubule-depolymerizing drugs.

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The deposition of nascent cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) was studied in the walls of cortical cells in explants of Nicotiana tabacum L. flower stalks. In freshly cut explants the CMFs were deposited in two distinct and alternating orientations - all given with respect to the longitudinal axis of the

[Induction of polyploid in hairy roots of Nicotiana tabacum and its plant regeneration].

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By genetic transformation with Agrobacterum rhizogenes and artificial chromosome doubling techniques, we studied the induction of hairy roots and their polyploidization, and subsequent plant regeneration and nicotine determination to enhance the content of nicotine in Nicotiana tabacum. The results

Dimethyl sulfoxide can initiate cell divisions of arrested callus protoplasts by promoting cortical microtubule assembly.

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A serious problem in the technology of plant cell culture is that isolated protoplasts from many species are reluctant to divide. We have succeeded in inducing consecutive divisions in a "naturally" arrested system-i.e., protoplasts from a hibiscus cell line, which do not divide under standard

An improved method for dihaploid production in Nicotiana rustica through anther culture.

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The efficiency of dihaploid production from anther culture in N. rustica has been improved by studying the effects of pretreatment temperature, pretreatment duration and initial anther stage on anther response, anther productivity and time to first plantlet production. Pretreatment was most

Effect of ploidy and homozygosity on transgene expression in primary tobacco transformants and their androgenetic progenies.

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Expression of a transgene is rarely analysed in the androgenetic progenies of the transgenic plants. Here, we report differential transgene expression in androgenetic haploid and doubled haploid (DH) tobacco plants as compared to the diploid parental lines, thus demonstrating a gene dosage effect.

Chemical inhibition of cell wall formation and cytokinesis, but not of nuclear division, in protoplasts of Nicotiana tabacum L. cultivated in vitro.

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The effect of cytochalasin B, colchicine, coumarin and 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile on cell wall formation and cellular division was studied by light and electron microscopy with tobacco mesophyll protoplasts cultivated in vitro. 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile was found to be the most effective and reversible

Organ-dependent regulation of a plant promoter isolated from rice by 'promoter-trapping' in tobacco.

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A vector containing a transcriptionally inactive neomycin phosphotransferase II gene was used to select promoter sequences from a pool of random genomic DNA fragments. This paper describes how one such sequence (P4.7) isolated from Oryza sativa acts as a hormonally regulated promoter in Nicotiana

Spatial separation of parental genomes in hybrids of somatic plant cells.

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Chromosome spatial arrangements on metaphase plates of intergeneric intertribal cell hybrids of Nicotiana chinensis and Atropa belladonna as well as interspecific somatic hybrid plants of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Nicotiana sylvestris were analyzed. In the metaphases of the first divisions of

Plant transformation by particle bombardment of embryogenic pollen.

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Direct delivery of DNA into embryogenic pollen was used to produce transgenic plants in tobacco. A plasmid bearing the ß-glucuronidase (GUS) marker gene in fusion with the 35S-promoter was introduced by microprojectile bombardment into mid-binucleate pollen of Nicotiana tabacum that had been induced

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