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Mangiferin, a natural polyphenol is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral effects. However the molecular mechanism underlying these effects has not been well characterized. Because NF-kappaB plays an important role in these processes, it is possible that mangiferin modulates
Anthocyanins are used for food color, and they are widely distributed in the human diets, suggesting that we ingest considerable amounts of anthocyanins from plant-based daily diets. We have demonstrated that a typical anthocyanin, cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (C3G), suppressed the zymosan-induced
Although numerous hypotheses have been raised in recent years, the exact mechanisms that promote the development of major depression are largely unknown. Recently, strategies targeting the process of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in depression have been attracting greater attention. 2, 3,
Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) plays an important role in the protein C anticoagulation pathway and in the cytoprotective pathway. Previously, EPCR can be shed from the cell surface, which is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE). Soluble EPCR levels are increased in
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein acts as a potent proinflammatory cytokine and is involved in the pathogenesis of several vascular diseases, such as, systemic vasculitis and sepsis. Emodin-6-O-β-D-glucoside (EG) is a new active compound from Reynoutria japonica, and its biologic activities
Flavonoids are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds and are among the most promising anticancer agents. Here, we demonstrate that the flavonoid astragalin (AG), also known as kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside, induces cell death. This was prevented by the caspase inhibitors z-DEVD-FMK and
1. In coronary artery disease, the typical atheromatous plaque consists of a lipid core containing various inflammatory cells and a fibrous cap composed mostly of extracellular matrix. Both matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammation are involved in the initiation of atherosclerotic plaques
Trachelospermum jasminoides (Apocynaceae) has pharmacological effects that include anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-viral activities, which have been observed from various studies. Of these pharmacological effects, the anti-inflammatory capacity of compounds from T. jasminoides is not yet
Kaempferol 7-O-β-D-glucoside (KPG), a natural flavonol isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata, has been reported to exert anti-cancer effects; however, its anti-inflammatory effects have not yet been reported. In this study, we demonstrate the suppressive effect of KPG on the production of nitric oxide
Anthocyanins, which are used as a food coloring, are widely distributed in human diets, suggesting that we ingest large amounts of anthocyanins from plant-based foods. Mice were fed control, cyanidin 3-glucoside-rich purple corn color (PCC), high fat (HF) or HF + PCC diet for 12 wk. Dietary PCC
DNA topoisomerase inhibitors, camptothecin and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin ethylidene-beta-D-glucoside (VP16) had strong differentiation-inducing activity for all five kinds of leukemia cells examined (human HL60, U937, ML1, and K562 cells and mouse M1 cells) as judged from measurements of various
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of synovial joints, ultimately leading to a progressive and irreversible joint destruction. Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) promotes production of proinflammatory cytokines in various
This study aimed to investigate whether mangiferin played a protective role in a well-established dermatitis mouse model and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease in the clinic, while its underlying mechanism still
Ginkgo biloba L., well known as living fossil, have various pharmacological activities. Eighteen compounds were isolated from Ginkgo male flowers including a novel matsutake alcohol glycoside, Ginkgoside A (1), and 17 known compounds-calaliukiuenoside (2), benzylalcohol O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1 →
Isoflavones are known to possess immunomodulating and antiallergic activities. Previously we identified novel isoflavone methyl-glycosides (daidzein 7-O-β-d-glucoside 4″-O-methylate (CDGM), glycitein 7-O-β-D-glucoside 4″-O-methylate (CGLM), genistein 7-O-β-D-glucoside 4″-O-methylate (CGNMI) and