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Delayed metabolic dysfunction in myocardium following exertional heat stroke in mice.

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Exposure to exertional heat stroke (EHS) is associated with increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disorders in humans. We demonstrate that in female mice, severe EHS results in metabolic changes in the myocardium, emerging only after 9-14 days. This was not observed in males that

Defective protein phosphorylation associated with hypofunctions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat platelets.

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The mechanism of platelet dysfunctions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) was investigated. Platelet aggregation was inversely correlated with blood pressure or heart weight/body weight ratios in various strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), indicating genetic

Phospholipid metabolism in platelets from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar Kyoto rats.

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Platelets from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) show severe hypofunctions accompanied by defective protein (P47) phosphorylation. To examine the mechanism of platelet hypofunctions, phospholipid metabolism in SHRSP was compared with that in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY).

Cerebrovascular alterations in protein kinase C-mediated constriction in stroke-prone rats.

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OBJECTIVE Cerebrovascular pressure-dependent constriction may involve the smooth muscle production of diacylglycerol, which could facilitate constriction by activating protein kinase C (PKC). A dysfunctional PKC system could promote the loss of pressure-dependent constriction. We attempted to

CDP-choline significantly restores phosphatidylcholine levels by differentially affecting phospholipase A2 and CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase after stroke.

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Phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) is a major membrane phospholipid, and its loss is sufficient in itself to induce cell death. PtdCho homeostasis is regulated by the balance between hydrolysis and synthesis. PtdCho is hydrolyzed by phospholipase A2 (PLA2), PtdChospecific phospholipase C (PtdCho-PLC), and

CDP-choline: neuroprotection in transient forebrain ischemia of gerbils.

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CDP-choline is a rate-limiting intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), an important component of the neural cell membrane. The ability of CDP-choline to alter phospholipid metabolism is an important function in the treatment of ischemic injury. Exogenous treatment with

Lipotoxicty in yeast: a focus on plasma membrane signalling and membrane contact sites.

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Lipotoxicity is a pathophysiological process triggered by lipid overload. In metazoans, lipotoxicity is characterised by the ectopic deposition of lipids on organs other than adipose tissue. This leads to organ dysfunction, cell death, and is intimately linked to lipid-associated diseases such as

Simultaneous changes in high-fat and high-cholesterol diet-induced steatohepatitis and severe fibrosis and those underlying molecular mechanisms in novel SHRSP5/Dmcr rat.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet-induced steatohepatitis and associated liver fibrosis progression in a novel stroke-prone, spontaneously hypertensive 5/Dmcr (SHRSP5/Dmcr) rat model. METHODS SHRSP5/Dmcr rats

Physiology of blood platelet activation.

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Blood platelets interact with a variety of soluble agonists such as epinephrine and adenosine diphosphate (ADP); many insoluble cell matrix components, including collagen and laminin, and biomaterials used for construction of invasive medical devices. These interactions stimulate specific receptors

Molecular mechanisms of diabetic vascular complications.

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Diabetic complications are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Microvascular complications include retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, which are leading causes of blindness, end-stage renal disease and various painful neuropathies; whereas macrovascular

Data Processing Pipeline for Lipid Profiling of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque with Mass Spectrometry Imaging.

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Atherosclerosis is a lipid and inflammation-driven disease of the arteries that is characterized by gradual buildup of plaques in the vascular wall. A so-called vulnerable plaque, consisting of a lipid-rich necrotic core contained by a thin fibrous cap, may rupture and trigger thrombus formation,

Therapeutic potential of chalcones as cardiovascular agents.

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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death affecting 17.3 million people across the globe and are estimated to affect 23.3 million people by year 2030. In recent years, about 7.3 million people died due to coronary heart disease, 9.4 million deaths due to high blood pressure and 6.2

Pathophysiological Roles of Cyclooxygenases and Prostaglandins in the Central Nervous System.

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Cyclooxygenases (COXs) oxidize arachidonic acid to prostaglandin (PG) G2 and H2 followed by PG synthases that generates PGs and thromboxane (TX) A2. COXs are divided into COX-1 and COX-2. In the central nervous system, COX-1 is constitutively expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells.

Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein-Associated Apolipoproteins Predict Cardiovascular Events and Are Lowered by Inhibition of APOC-III.

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BACKGROUND Routine apolipoprotein (apo) measurements for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are restricted to apoA-I and apoB. Here, the authors measured an unprecedented range of apolipoproteins in a prospective, population-based study and relate their plasma levels to risk of CVD. OBJECTIVE This study

Effects of chronic stress on prefrontal cortex transcriptome in mice displaying different genetic backgrounds.

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There is increasing evidence that depression derives from the impact of environmental pressure on genetically susceptible individuals. We analyzed the effects of chronic mild stress (CMS) on prefrontal cortex transcriptome of two strains of mice bred for high (HA)and low (LA) swim stress-induced

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