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Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is an important fundamental cytokine during the immune response against cancer and infections such as tuberculosis. This molecule also plays a key pathogenic role in complex and difficult-to-treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's
Tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists (TNFA) are biological agents to treat chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, their use is associated with an increased rate of tuberculosis, endemic mycoses, and intracellular bacterial infections. Since tuberculosis is moderately to highly
Activation of blood coagulation to a varying extent affect the course of domestic invasive mycoses. Upon invasion of blood vessels by Candida or aspergilli, occasionally thrombi are formed, which may cause septic embolism. In the course of mucormycosis (syn. zygomycosis) thrombotic occlusion of
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonists are promising therapeutic agents for patients with severe autoimmune and rheumatologic conditions. Unfortunately, their use has been associated with an increased rate of tuberculosis, endemic mycoses, and intracellular bacterial infections. Infliximab, 1
Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis are being treated with immunosuppressive regimens that include an agent directed at blocking tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Although reportedly safe, tuberculous and fungal infections have emerged as significant complications of therapy. We report a case
An 11 year old boy with medullary aplasia developed extensive mycosis of the face. This mucormycosis is a rare affection that appears in patients with predisposing disease (diabetes, blood disorders) and is easily diagnosed, if considered, from clinical features. Diagnosis is confirmed by
This report details the fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytomorphologic features of two cases of salivary gland mycosis. Both patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and presented with parotid gland masses. The first patient had Histoplasmosis with secondary infection by Candida.
Cassia leiandra is an Amazonian plant species that is used popularly for the treatment of mycoses. Recently, a protease inhibitor, named ClTI, with insecticidal activity against Aedes aegypti, was purified from the mature seeds of C. leiandra. In this work, we show that ClTI has antifungal activity
Aspergillosis and mucormycosis are opportunistic fungal infections that share several unique features. The etiologic agents of aspergillosis and mucormycosis are ubiquitous in the environment, but are opportunistic organisms and usually infect only patients predisposed by some underlying disease or
Although there is a 20% yeast colonization in the gastrointestinal tract of the population, fungal infections appear only rarely in secondary peritonitis. The risk of severe mycosis increases after a major operation and when a patient is taking broad-spectrum antibiotics, is on total parenteral
OBJECTIVE
We have demonstrated the presence of Candida cell surface amyloids that are important in aggregation of fungi and adherence to tissue. Fungal amyloid was present in invasive human candidal infections and host serum amyloid P component (SAP) bound to the fungal amyloid. SAP is a
Fungi are of increasing importance in sepsis. However, culture-based diagnostic procedures are associated with relevant weaknesses. Therefore, culture- and next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based fungal findings as well as corresponding plasma levels of β-d-glucan, interferon gamma (INF-γ), tumor
Fungal infections of the breast are unusual and may clinically mimic carcinoma. When studied by fine-needle aspiration (FNA), such masses may yield necrosis, granulomatous inflammation, reactive histiocytes, and atypical epithelial cells. Cohesive groups of atypical epithelial cells featured nuclear
Gliotoxin is a mycotoxin from the epipolythiodioxypipeazine family with biological active internal disulfide bridge. Gliotoxin has an antibacterial and antiviral activity, but it was discarded from clinical practice due to its toxicity. The most studied effect of gliotoxin is its influence on the
Dermatophytes are the most common cause of superficial mycoses in humans and animals. They can coexist with their hosts for many years without causing significant symptoms but also cause highly inflammatory diseases. To identify mechanisms involved in the modulation of the host response during