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Changes in the activity of muscle glycogen synthase or phosphorylase (GP) may be responsible for the deregulation of glycogen synthesis and storage which occurs in diabetes mellitus. To clarify the relationship between muscle atrophy, fibre type, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GP activity
A gene encoding an extremely thermophilic and thermostable 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase was cloned from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Two degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes synthesized on the basis of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein were used to screen a
A steady-state absorption and emission spectroscopy was used to create a comprehensive work and to study the interaction of the wild type Escherichia coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase and its mutants, PNPF159Y and PNPF159A, with a potent E. coli PNP inhibitor - formycin A. The absorption and
We have developed a method to study the primary sequence specificities of protein kinases by using an oriented degenerate peptide library. We report here the substrate specificities of eight protein Ser/Thr kinases. All of the kinases studied selected distinct optimal substrates. The identified
Histological and histochemical study was carried out to investigate disuse atrophy on skeletal muscle in adult albino rabbits. Untreated anterior tibial muscle and gastrocnemius muscle were studied. Three fiber types were recognized with myosin ATPase reaction, viz. type I, IIA and IIB fibers under
Uridine phosphorylase was purified 10,300-fold from tumors of the murine colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, Colon-26. Degenerate DNA probes were synthesized corresponding to partial amino acid sequences and used to screen a Colon-26 cDNA library. A cDNA clone of 1327 base pairs that contains a 5'
Deficiency of the cytosolic enzyme thymidine phosphorylase (TP) causes a multisystem disorder called mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) syndrome. Clinical symptoms are gastrointestinal dysfunction, muscle involvement and neurological deterioration. TP deficiency is
Phosphorylase b kinase deficiency affecting muscle has been observed infrequently in children with weakness and hepatomegaly, and in 2 adults with cramps on exertion. We observed 2 additional adults with phosphorylase b kinase deficiency: Patient 1, aged 58, had progressive, predominantly distal
The developmental expression of the alpha, beta, and gamma subunits of skeletal muscle phosphorylase kinase has been examined in regenerating muscle. Rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, treated with bupivacaine, promptly undergo a rapid degeneration of the muscle, followed by regeneration
We have cloned the cDNA encoding human liver glycogen phosphorylase (glycogenosis type VI) from a fetal brain cDNA library. Liver(L) and muscle(M) phosphorylase cDNA probes were used to determine the relative abundance of mRNA encoding the L- and M-isozymes of phosphorylase in human fetal and adult
After sciatectomy of the left hind-limb of C57BL/J mice, a denervation-induced muscular atrophy ensued and was accompanied by a decrease in the specific activity of glycogen phosphorylase to approx. 25% of control values. The cofactor of phosphorylase, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, was used as a specific
Glycogen phosphorylase is a major sarcoplasmic protein and is one of the key regulatory enzymes in the control of glycogen utilisation. In C57BL/6J mice, the activity of the enzyme decreases under muscle-wasting conditions, including denervation-induced atrophy and muscular dystrophy. The cofactor
Muscle glycogenosis caused by phosphorylase kinase (Phk) deficiency may lead to exercise intolerance, weakness and musculatur atrophy. The gene encoding the muscle isoform of the Phk gamma subunit (gamma M) is one of the candidate genes in which mutations responsible for this condition should be