Diagnosis of Ascites in Infants and Children
Maneno muhimu
Kikemikali
Maelezo
Definition : Ascites is the pathologic fluid accumulation within the peritoneal cavity .
causes of ascites in infants and children :
- Hepatobiliary disorders (cirrhosis, congenital hepatic fibrosis, acute hepatitis B,C ,Budd -chiari syndrome, Bile duct perforation)
- Serositis (crohn's disease, eosinophilic enteropathy , Henoch- Shonlein purpura )
- Neoplasm (lymphoma, wilm's tumor ,Glioma, Germ cell tumor, Ovarian tumor,mesothelioma, Neroblastoma )
- Cardiac (Heart failure )
- Metabolic disease
- Gastrointestinal disorder (Nephrotic syndrome, peritoneal dialysis ). Diagnosis of ascites :History of abdominal distention, increasing weight, respiratory embarrassement, jaundice, bleeding (haematemsis, melena, and epistaxis ),Pruritus ,Growth failure ,abdominal pain, fever,Cyanosis, ,dyspnea during suckling, Orthopnea, Buffy eyes, lower limb swelling, Haematrruria .
By examination : Tachycardia ,Tachypnea ,Hypertension ,cyanosis, jaundice, clubbing of fingers ,limb edema ,Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, dilated abdominal wall veins.
Investigations :
Laboratory tests :complete blood count , complete urine examination, liver function tests, plasma proteins, renal function tests, clotting screen, tuberculin test.
Imaging studies :chest and abdominal plain films, abdominal ultrasound, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy CT, MR I, Abdominal paracentesis for ascitic fluid analysis :cell count / cytology ,Gram 'stain and culture, Total proteins (albumin /globulin ratio ), Glucose, Amylase, lactase dehydrogenase, Triglycerides,Bilirubin.
Serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG )is the best single test for classification of ascites into portal hypertensive (SAAG >1.1g/dl) and non-portal hypertensive (SAAG <1.1g/dl) causes.
Tarehe
| Imethibitishwa Mwisho: | 09/30/2017 |
| Iliyowasilishwa Kwanza: | 10/27/2017 |
| Uandikishaji uliokadiriwa Uliwasilishwa: | 11/09/2017 |
| Iliyotumwa Kwanza: | 11/13/2017 |
| Sasisho la Mwisho Liliwasilishwa: | 11/09/2017 |
| Sasisho la Mwisho Lilichapishwa: | 11/13/2017 |
| Tarehe halisi ya kuanza kwa masomo: | 11/30/2017 |
| Tarehe ya Kukamilisha Msingi iliyokadiriwa: | 10/31/2018 |
| Tarehe ya Kukamilisha Utafiti: | 10/31/2018 |
Hali au ugonjwa
Awamu
Vikundi vya Arm
| Mkono | Uingiliaji / matibabu |
|---|---|
| One group Diagnosis of ascites in infants and children by history, examination and investigations |
Vigezo vya Kustahiki
| Zama zinazostahiki Kujifunza | 1 Month Kwa 1 Month |
| Jinsia Inastahiki Kujifunza | All |
| Njia ya sampuli | Non-Probability Sample |
| Hupokea Wajitolea wa Afya | Ndio |
| Vigezo | Inclusion Criteria: - age from 1month to 18 year - infants and children with ascites (hepatic, cardiac, renal, malignant or tuberculous ) - infants and children with peritonitis Exclusion Criteria: - age <1month - surgical conditions as ruptured viscous or located abscess |
Matokeo
Hatua za Matokeo ya Msingi
1. Diagnosis of ascites in infants and children with hepatic, cardiac, renal disease, tuberculosis and malignancy [1 year]
