Methylation of the PPARg Promoter Region in Pregnancy
Maneno muhimu
Kikemikali
Maelezo
Women were recruited in the first trimester of pregnancy not including cases with congenital heart and disabling or autoimmune diseases. Those whose clinical follow-up were lost or, if in the postpartum period, who had to be attended in the obstetric intensive care unit were eliminated from the study.
A clinical visit per month was established. Body weight and height were measured in an overnight fasting status using an adult scale (Seca, Hamburg, Germany). Prepregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kg divided by height in meters squared based on the prenatal chart or on the self-reported weight of women with no prenatal chart.
Blood pressure was recorded at each visit using a standard sphygmomanometer (Riester Big Ben® Square, Germany). Preeclampsia was diagnosed and classified according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).
Fasting blood samples (10 ml) were taken at the HMPMP laboratory in an early morning after an overnight fasting. Serum samples were analyzed for glucose and lipid profile (Dimension Rx L Max, Dade Behring, USA). At the end of pregnancy, 1 to 2 ml of neonatal peripheral blood sample for leukocyte DNA extraction was taken.
Dietetic treatment was calculated according to height, weeks of gestation, and weight, considering an energy intake of 30 kcal/kg of ideal weight and a macronutrient distribution of: 55-65% carbohydrates, 10-20% fat, and the remainder as proteins. On each nutritional visit, the Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (HEI) was evaluated, and all women were recommended to include methionine-rich foods (beans, eggs, fish, garlic, lentils, onion, and soy) and those containing folic acid and vitamin B12 (beef liver, cereals, whole grains, yeast, etc.) in adequate quantities in their diet. The information was complemented with the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and the diet adherence was considered adequate with 80% compliance to the indicated calories, at least in four visits.
This project had no risk to pregnant women and their infants, according to the regulations of the General Health Research Law of Mexico. We followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and all patients were asked to sign the written informed consent.
Tarehe
| Imethibitishwa Mwisho: | 02/28/2015 |
| Iliyowasilishwa Kwanza: | 03/10/2015 |
| Uandikishaji uliokadiriwa Uliwasilishwa: | 03/16/2015 |
| Iliyotumwa Kwanza: | 03/23/2015 |
| Sasisho la Mwisho Liliwasilishwa: | 03/16/2015 |
| Sasisho la Mwisho Lilichapishwa: | 03/23/2015 |
| Tarehe halisi ya kuanza kwa masomo: | 08/31/2009 |
| Tarehe ya Kukamilisha Msingi iliyokadiriwa: | 07/31/2010 |
| Tarehe ya Kukamilisha Utafiti: | 02/28/2011 |
Hali au ugonjwa
Awamu
Vikundi vya Arm
| Mkono | Uingiliaji / matibabu |
|---|---|
| Normal weight (NW) pregnant women Pregnant women with Body Mass Index (BMI) > = 30. Body weight and height were measured in an overnight fasting status using an adult scale (Seca, Hamburg, Germany). Prepregnancy BMI was calculated as weight in kg divided by height in meters squared based on the prenatal chart or on the self-reported weight of women with no prenatal chart.
Dietetic treatment was calculated according to height, weeks of gestation, and weight, considering an energy intake of 30 kcal/kg of ideal weight and a macronutrient distribution of: 55-65% carbohydrates, 10-20% fat, and the remainder as proteins. | |
| Overweight (OW) pregnant women Pregnant women with Body Mass Index (BMI) < 30. Body weight and height were measured in an overnight fasting status using an adult scale (Seca, Hamburg, Germany). Prepregnancy BMI was calculated as weight in kg divided by height in meters squared based on the prenatal chart or on the self-reported weight of women with no prenatal chart.
Dietetic treatment was calculated according to height, weeks of gestation, and weight, considering an energy intake of 30 kcal/kg of ideal weight and a macronutrient distribution of: 55-65% carbohydrates, 10-20% fat, and the remainder as proteins. |
Vigezo vya Kustahiki
| Zama zinazostahiki Kujifunza | 18 Years Kwa 18 Years |
| Jinsia Inastahiki Kujifunza | Female |
| Njia ya sampuli | Non-Probability Sample |
| Hupokea Wajitolea wa Afya | Ndio |
| Vigezo | Inclusion Criteria: Women attended in the first trimester of pregnancy - Exclusion Criteria: congenital heart and disabling or autoimmune diseases - |
Matokeo
Hatua za Matokeo ya Msingi
1. Evidence of the effect of Body Mass Index (BMI) on the methylation status of the PPAR gamma promoter region (-351 to -260). [Pregnant women were followed until delivery.]
