Separation and characterization of needle and xylem maritime pine proteins.

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and image analysis are currently used for proteome analysis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). This study presents a database of expressed proteins extracted from needles and xylem, two important tissues for growth and wood formation. Electrophoresis was carried out by isoelectric focusing (IEF) in the first dimension and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in the second. Silver staining made it possible to detect an average of 900 and 600 spots on 2-DE gels from needles and xylem, respectively. A total of 28 xylem and 35 needle proteins were characterized by internal peptide microsequencing. Out of these 63 proteins, 57 (90%) could be identified based on amino acid similarity with known proteins, of which 24 (42%) have already been described in conifers. Overall comparison of both tissues indicated that 29% and 36% of the spots were specific to xylem and needles, respectively, while the other spots were of identical molecular weight and isoelectric point. The homology of spot location in 2-DE patterns was further validated by sequence analysis of proteins present in both tissues. A proteomic database of maritime pine is accessible on the internet (http://www.pierroton.inra.fr/genetics/2D/).