Endogenous endophthalmitis as a severe complication following a Streptococcus pyogenes infection

The diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis is challenging. We report a pediatric case of endogenous endophthalmitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes angina. A previously healthy 33-month-old child presented to the emergency department with a history of fever and fatigue related to bacterial angina. On physical examination, an opalescent cornea was noticed and the diagnosis of endogenous endophthalmitis was confirmed by the pediatric ophthalmologist. Streptococcus pyogenes was found in blood culture and in the anterior chamber fluid. There was an adverse outcome with posterior vitrectomy and eye atrophy. Since endogenous endophthalmitis can lead to a poor visual outcome, urgent therapeutic management is necessary.

Keywords: Bacterial angina; Children; Endogenous endophthalmitis; Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection.