erythroxylum laetevirens/infertility

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Morph-biased male sterility in the tropical distylous shrub Erythroxylum havanense (Erythroxylaceae).

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Ingia / Ingia

This study explores whether ecological factors, such as pollinators and pollen flow, or variation in pollen and ovule development account for the observed differences (approximately twofold) in the reproductive output of pin and thrum individuals of Erythroxylum havanense. The importance of

Male sterility, fitness gain curves and the evolution of gender specialization from distyly in Erythroxylum havanense.

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Ingia / Ingia

The evolution of dioecy from a monomorphic hermaphroditic condition requires two mutations, one producing females and one producing males. Conversely, a single mutation sterilizing one sexual function in one morph of distylous species would result in functional dioecy because such a mutation also

Environmentally induced variation in fecundity compensation in the morph-biased male-sterile distylous shrub Erythroxylum havanense (Erythroxylaceae).

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Ingia / Ingia

The evolution of male-sterile individuals in hermaphroditic species represents the first step in the evolution of sex specialization. For male-sterile individuals to persist they must have some fitness advantage that compensates for their loss of the male function. Female fecundity also depends on

Parental effects and gender specialization in a tropical heterostylous shrub.

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Ingia / Ingia

Male sterility in hermaphroditic species may represent the first step in the evolution toward dioecy. However, gender specialization will not proceed unless the male-sterile individuals compensate for fitness lost through the male function with an increase in fitness through the female function. In

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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