Gene expression profiling in apoptotic k562 cells treated by homoharringtonine.

Gene chip technology was used to determine the gene expression profiles in apoptotic K562 cells induced by homoharringtonine. The expression of forty-four mRNAs was found to be changed significantly were identified after screening with a gene chip capable of detecting 14,218 different human mRNA species simultaneously. Of these genes, 17 were up-regulated and 27 were down-regulated. Most of them were found to be related to apoptosis, oncogenes, or tumor suppression. Several genes with altered gene expression, such as human transforming growth factor-beta inducible early protein gene (TIEG), vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 gene (VDUP1), RNA binding motif protein 4 gene (RBM4) and v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (C-MYC), were confirmed by Northern blot analysis. According to the dynamic gene expression pattern in these apoptotic cells, the activated transforming growth factor-beta and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways play an important role in homoharringtonine-induced apoptosis. TIEG was significantly altered after apoptosis induction, it should be critical for apoptosis signal transmission.