Study of oral itraconazole and terbinafine pulse therapy in onychomycosis.

In this open, randomized and comparative study, the safety and efficacy of systemic intermittent itraconazole and terbinafine was examined in 30 patients with onychomycosis. The patient with positive mycological culture and also the patients with positive microscopy and negative culture were investigated. Patients were randomly assigned: 15 patients in each group received either 200mg itraconazole or 250 mg terbinafine twice daily during the first week of a 4 weeks cycle. The treatment duration was 16 weeks and was followed-up for 36 weeks. Both the treatment regimen showed significant reduction in onychomycosis affected areas after 8 weeks and maximum reduction was observed at the end of 36 weeks. At the end point of the follow-up period, the clinical cure rates (no residual deformity or with some deformity) were 86.7% in the itraconazole group and 100% in the terbinafine group. The mycological cure rates were 86.7% and 100% respectively. However, no statistically significant differences between the treatment groups were seen in clinical, mycological (P= 0.864) and severity assessment (P= 0.220). Nausea, abdominal cramp, headache, back pain and flu like syndrome are the adverse effects more frequently reported. At least one adverse effect was reported by 17 patients, of them 12 belonged to itraconazole group and 5 to terbinafine group and the difference was statistically significant (P= 0.027). The overall therapeutic effectiveness, safety and cost affectivity were in favor of Terbinafine pulse therapy.