Traumatic hyphema in children. Treatment with epsilon-aminocaproic acid.

Forty-nine patients, ages 3 to 18 years, who sustained nonpenetrating unilateral trauma with hyphemas were assigned randomly to receive either 100 mg/kg of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), an antifibrinolytic agent, orally every 4 hours for 5 days (maximum 30 g/day) or a placebo. No patients ingested acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-containing compounds before or during admission. Two patients of 24 treated with EACA and 1 of 25 given placebo had rebleeds. The hyphemas in the EACA-treated group took significantly longer to clear (mean, 5.3 versus 2.6 days; P less than 0.001). Because of the low incidence of rebleeds in the placebo group, the efficacy of EACA in reducing the rate of rebleeds could not be determined. Further studies with this drug, controlling for age, race, sickle trait, and pre-admission antiplatelet agents should be undertaken before its routine use in traumatic hyphema management can be recommended.