picrotoxinin/ganglion cysts

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Dieldrin and picrotoxinin modulation of GABA(A) receptor single channels.

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The insecticide dieldrin is known to suppress the GABA(A) receptor-channel complex in a manner similar to that of picrotoxin. To elucidate the more detailed mechanisms of dieldrin and picrotoxin interactions with the GABA system, single-channel patch clamp experiments were performed using rat dorsal

GABA and glycine channels in isolated ganglion cells from the goldfish retina.

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1. Adult goldfish retinas were enzymatically dissociated and ganglion cells were maintained in culture for periods of 1-5 days. Ganglion cells could be identified by their morphology, and this identification was confirmed by retrograde transport of the fluorescent dye Fast Blue injected into the

Actions of anaesthetics and avermectin on GABAA chloride channels in mammalian dorsal root ganglion neurones.

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1. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mimetic actions of some anaesthetics and the antehelminthic avermectin B1a were examined on freshly isolated mammalian dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones by use of suction electrodes and a single electrode voltage clamp. 2. Pentobarbitone (60 microM-3 mM),

Fipronil modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptors in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.

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The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor is an important site of action of a variety of chemicals, including barbiturates, benzodiazepines, picrotoxin, bicuculline, general anesthetics, alcohols, and certain insecticides. Fipronil is the first phenylpyrazole insecticide introduced for pest

The action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) on Limulus and Helix central neurones and rat cerebellar and sympathetic ganglion neurones.

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Intracellular recordings were made from central Limulus and Helix neurones and extracellular recordings from rat cerebellar Purkinje cells and sympathetic ganglia. The actions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) and related analogues on these preparations were investigated.

Synaptic currents generating the inhibitory surround of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina.

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The receptive field (RF) of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) consists of an excitatory central region, the RF center, and an inhibitory peripheral region, the RF surround. It is still unknown in detail which inhibitory interneurons (horizontal or amacrine cells) and which inhibitory circuits

Anisatin modulation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-channel in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.

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1. Anisatin, a toxic, insecticidally active component of Sikimi plant, is known to act on the GABA system. In order to elucidate the mechanism of anisatin interaction with the GABA system, whole-cell and single-channel patch clamp experiments were performed with rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in

Characterization of GABA- and glycine-induced currents of solitary rodent retinal ganglion cells in culture.

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Ganglion cells were fluorescently labeled, dissociated from 7- to 11-day-old rodent retinas, and placed in tissue culture. Whole-cell recordings with patch electrodes were obtained from solitary cells lacking processes, which permitted a high-quality space clamp. Both GABA (1-200 microM) and glycine

Fipronil modulation of glutamate-induced chloride currents in cockroach thoracic ganglion neurons.

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Fipronil is the first phenylpyrazole insecticide introduced for pest control. It is effective against some insects that have become resistant to other insecticides, and exhibits low mammalian toxicity. Although fipronil is known to block GABA receptors, the mechanisms of its selective toxicity and

Differential blocking actions of 4'-ethynyl-4-n-propylbicycloorthobenzoate (EBOB) and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH) on gamma-aminobutyric acid- and glutamate-induced responses of American cockroach neurons.

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4'-Ethynyl-4-n-propylbicycloorthobenzoate (EBOB) has been employed extensively as a radioligand in binding assays to evaluate the pharmacology of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-gated Cl- channels (GABARs) of insects and mammals, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH) was used as an insecticide

gamma-Aminobutyric acid type A/benzodiazepine receptors regulate rat retina neurosteroidogenesis.

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It has been previously shown that retinal ganglion cells have the ability to synthesize steroids including neuroactive steroids such as pregnenolone sulfate. Since ganglion cells possess GABAA/benzodiazepine (BZ) receptors and neurosteroids modulate retinal GABAA receptor function, we investigated

γ-BHC: Its history and mystery--why is only γ-BHC insecticidal?

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Among BHC isomers (benzene hexachloride, C6H6Cl6, theoretically eight ones), seven isomers (α,β,γ,δ,ε,η,ι) including one racemate (α) were isolated and their configurations were elucidated. Among the seven isomers, only γ-BHC has a potent insecticidal activity. γ-BHC poisoning symptoms accompanied

Bicuculline-insensitive GABA-gated Cl- channels in the larval nervous system of the moth Manduca sexta.

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GABA-gated Cl(-) channels were studied in the nervous system of the larval tobacco hawk moth, Manduca sexta, using electrophysiology, (36)Cl(-) uptake into membrane microsacs and immunocytochemistry. A GABA-induced increase in Cl(-) conductance was recorded from a visually identifiable neurone (

Analysis of GABA(A)- and GABA(B)-receptor mediated effects on intracellular Ca(2+) in DRG hybrid neurones.

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1. Using pharmacological analysis and fura-2 spectrofluorimetry, we examined the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and related substances on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) of hybrid neurones, called MD3 cells. The cell line was produced by fusion between a mouse neuroblastoma

Effects of GABA receptor antagonists on retinal glycine receptors and on homomeric glycine receptor alpha subunits.

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Glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition are juxtaposed at one retinal synaptic layer yet likely perform different functions. These functions have usually been evaluated using receptor antagonists. In examining retinal glycine receptors, we were surprised to find that commonly used concentrations of

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