smooth/hyoscine

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Secondary excitation of intestinal smooth muscle.

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1. A period of stimulation of intrinsic or extrinsic nerves to intestinal muscle is often followed by a secondary contraction. In the present work, the basis for such secondary contractions in the longitudinal muscle of the large bowel of guinea-pigs and rabbits was examined.2. In general, the

SOME EFFECTS OF ATROPINE ON SMOOTH MUSCLE.

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Contractions of the nerve-free smooth muscle of the chick amnion, either spontaneous or in response to electrical or mechanical stimuli, are potentiated by high conentrations (10(-5) g/ml.) of atropine sulphate. In addition hyoscine, homatropine, lachesine, propantheline bromide and atropine

Electrical behavior of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle.

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Intracellular recordings were taken from the smooth muscle of the guinea pig trachea, and the effects of intrinsic nerve stimulation were examined. Approximately 50% of the cells had stable resting membrane potentials of -50 +/- 1 mV. The remaining cells displayed spontaneous oscillations in

Effects of oxygen tension on vascular and other smooth muscle.

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1. The resting tension of various isolated intestinal and vascular smooth muscle preparations varied directly with the P(O) (2) of the stream of blood used to bathe them.2. This effect was also obtained when artificial salt solution was used and was therefore not due to circulating hormones.3. The

Release of smooth muscle-contracting substances from isolated perfused lungs.

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Infusion of tryptamine (1-4 mug/ml) through the pulmonary circulation of rat isolated lung perfused with Krebs solution caused release of a mixture of spasmogens contracting isolated smooth muscle preparations. One component of this mixture had biological activity comparable to E-type

Non-cholinergic, excitatory junction potentials in smooth muscle of chicken rectum.

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Muscle strips from the longitudinal or circular muscle of the chicken rectum were used to determine changes in membrane potential during field stimulation as recorded using the sucrose-gap method. Stimulation with single square pulses (0.1 msec duration) evoked junction potentials elicited by

The effects of hyoscine and anticholinesterases on cholinergic transmission to the smooth muscle cells of the avian gizzard.

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1. Intracellular recordings were made from smooth muscle cells of the pigeon and chick gizzards. Hyoscine (10(-6) g/ml.) blocked, within 2 min, the excitatory junction potentials (E.J.P.s) evoked by transmural stimulation. As the amplitudes of E.J.P.s decreased, their durations also decreased.

Re-innervation of smooth muscle that is transplanted to provide urethral sphincter augmentation.

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A number of methods to augment the resistance of the outlet of the urinary bladder and to improve continence have been developed, including the artificial urinary sphincter and the placement of skeletal muscle around the urethra. It has been recently shown in a rabbit model that transplantation of

Capsaicin-sensitive non-cholinergic excitatory innervation of the guinea-pig tracheobronchial smooth muscle.

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Field stimulation of the isolated main bronchi of the guinea-pig results in a rapid contraction followed by a sustained contractile response. Tetrodotoxin abolished these effects. The first phase was strongly inhibited by hyoscine, indicating that it was mediated mainly by excitation of cholinergic

Meta-analysis of smooth muscle relaxants in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

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OBJECTIVE To update previous overviews of placebo-controlled double-blind trials assessing the efficacy and tolerance of smooth muscle relaxants in irritable bowel syndrome. METHODS AND TRIALS: A total of 23 randomized clinical trials were selected for meta-analyses of their efficacy and tolerance.

An electrophysiological study of the innervation of the smooth muscle of the colon.

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1. Micro-electrodes were used to examine transmission from intrinsic and extrinsic nerves to single cells of the longitudinal and circular muscle coats of colons from guinea-pigs and rabbits.2. When intrinsic nerves were stimulated, inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) were observed in over 90% of

Nerve-mediated excitation and inhibition of the smooth muscle cells of the avian gizzard.

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1. The electrical events evoked in smooth muscle cells of the chick and pigeon gizzards by vagal, perivascular sympathetic and transmural stimulation were recorded with intracellular micro-electrodes.2. Single stimulating pulses applied to the extrinsic nerves, or to intrinsic fibres, produced

Medications influencing central cholinergic neurotransmission affect saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements in healthy young adults.

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Acetylcholine is an important neuromodulator in the central nervous system, where it plays a significant role in central functions such as the regulation of movement. This study investigated the pharmacological effects of over-the-counter anticholinergic medications on saccadic and smooth pursuit

The ACB technique: a biomagentic tool for monitoring gastrointestinal contraction directly from smooth muscle in dogs.

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The aim of this paper was to verify whether AC biosusceptometry (ACB) is suitable for monitoring gastrointestinal (GI) contraction directly from smooth muscle in dogs, comparing with electrical recordings simultaneously. All experiments were performed in dogs with magnetic markers implanted under

Transmission from vasoconstrictor and vasodilator nerves to single smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig uterine artery.

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1. Previous studies have shown that perivascular nerve stimulation of the uterine artery of the guinea-pig evokes an adrenergic constrictor response and a dilator response with two components. The first of these, only present during pregnancy, is cholinergic. The second is non-cholinergic and is

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Herbal & Natural Medicine

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