Sayfa 1 itibaren 627 Sonuçlar
Tobacco glycoprotein (TGP) purified from flue-cured tobacco leaves, tar-derived material (TAR), the water soluble, nondialyzable, delipidized extract of cigarette smoke condensate, rutin-bovine serum albumin conjugates, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid are mitogenic for bovine aortic smooth-muscle
OBJECTIVE
Test the hypothesis that nicotine-induced nystagmus results in reduced ocular smooth performance and pupil diameter in tobacco smokers.
METHODS
Twenty nonsmokers (age range, 20 to 45 years; mean age +/- SE, 31.5 +/- 1.7 years) and 14 smokers (age range, 17 to 50 years; mean age +/- SE,
It has recently been shown that tobacco smoking in normal human subjects induces a transient primary-position upbeat nystagmus. We studied the effects of tobacco smoking on smooth pursuit eye movements and found defects in both vertical and horizontal tracking during the first 5 minutes after
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of chronic nicotine treatment on vascular function and to identify the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS
Adult rats were treated with nicotine (3 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), sc) for 6 weeks. After the rats were sacrificed, aortic rings were prepared for detecting vascular
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) play important roles in nicotine-induced cardiovascular disease. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the abnormal SMC behavioral response to nicotine, we investigated the activation of the NF-κB signal transduction pathway and cell
At the optimal concentration of 10 mg/l, vinblastine increases the submaximal contractions of the isolated guinea-pig ileum induced by the following agonists: acetylcholine, histamine, nicotine, angiotensine, prostaglandins E1 and F2alpha (but not serotonine). It also increases the contractions
The effects of nicotine on histamine-induced contractions in the aortic strip from rabbit and in the intestinal and airway smooth muscles from guinea-pig were examined. Nicotine inhibited the contractile effects of histamine in a concentration-dependent manner in all investigated smooth muscle
Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of contractility dysfunction of human bronchial smooth muscle cells induced by nicotine. Methods: Primary human bronchial smooth muscle cells were cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into a control group and a nicotine group which was treated
In order to observe the effects of nicotine on protein expression in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), nicotine treated SMCs were studied by proteomic technologies combining two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF). Real-time RT-PCR was used to validate the
In the isolated bronchial preparation of the guinea-pig, nicotine induced a contraction but not a relaxation. The contractile response of the bronchial preparation to nicotine was inhibited by hexamethonium and d-tubocurarine but not influenced by atropine and tetrodotoxin. In the isolated tracheal
BACKGROUND
Nicotine and methylphenidate are putative cognitive enhancers in healthy and patient populations. Although they stimulate different neurotransmitter systems, they have been shown to enhance performance on overlapping measures of attention. So far, there has been no direct comparison of
Airway tone can be modulated centrally by the brain as well as by peripheral receptors. In part these changes in airway caliber seem to be secondary to changes in respiratory activity. Since structures near the ventrolateral medullary surface (VMS) can produce profound effects on respiration, it
Recently, DSCG has been found to inhibit the contraction of guinea pig ileum smooth muscle, when induced by various pharmacologic stimuli. DSCG also seems to inhibit contractions induced by electrical stimuli when high and low frequencies are used. We intend to further clarify our understanding of
OBJECTIVE
This article describes the tobacco industry's use of bars and nightclubs to encourage smoking among young adults.
METHODS
Previously secret tobacco industry marketing documents were analyzed.
RESULTS
Tobacco industry bar and nightclub promotions in the 1980s and 1990s included aggressive