Acupuncture in Traumatic Brain Injury

Inclusion Criteria:

- Ability to provide and provision of signed and dated informed consent form

- Age 18-65

- Diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) (as defined by the International classification of headache disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3); a. Either no loss of consciousness, or loss of consciousness of <30 minutes duration, b. Glascow Coma Scale (GCS) ≥ 13, and c. Symptoms and/or signs diagnostic of concussion)

- Diagnosis of mTBI ≥3 months and ≤12 months at the time of study enrollment

- Suffering from chronic post-traumatic headache (CPTH) of any etiology (e.g. tension or migraine), with chronic defined as developed within 7 days after injury and lasting ≥3 months from the time of injury

- Stable medication regimen for ≥1 months and agree to adhere to his or her current medication treatment regimen through study participation

Exclusion Criteria:

- Non-English speaking

- History of acupuncture since diagnosis of mTBI

- History of pre-existing primary headache, defined as more than 12 days of tension-type headache annually and/or more than one migraine attacks per month in the last year

- History of any other serious neurological, psychiatric, chronic pain disorders, or seizures

- History of bleeding diathesis, other bleeding disorders, or syncope with needle puncture

- History of cardiac arrhythmia or current pacemaker, neurostimulator, or other implanted stimulation device

- Recent or active substance use disorder

- Women who are currently pregnant, lactating, or planning to become pregnant during the study

- Any other medical conditions that could affect their ability to participate in acupuncture treatments for the study duration (as determined by study investigators)

- Active participation or past participation ≤3 months in any other interventional study.

- Unwilling to participate in all study related activities