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ENMD-2076 is a novel, orally-active molecule that has been shown to have significant activity against aurora and multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. We investigated the activity of ENMD-2076 against multiple myeloma (MM) cells in vitro and in vivo. ENMD-2076 showed significant cytotoxicity against
In order to test the concepts that aminoacyl-tRNAs in plasmacytomas may on the one hand modulate the protein synthesized or on the other hand reflect the structure of the synthesized protein, the RPC-5 chromatographic profiles of aminoacyl-tRNAs for all 20 amino acids were studied in tRNA prepared
The vav proto-oncogene product (p95(vav)) is specifically expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin and has one src homology 2 (SH2) domain, two SH3 domains, and motifs typical of guanine exchange factors. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors are expressed on a variety of hematopoietic
Signals delivered by Ig receptors guide the development of functional B lymphocytes. For example, clonal expansion of early mu heavy chain ( mu HC)-positive pre-B cells requires the assembly of a signal-competent pre-B cell receptor complex (pre-BCR) consisting of a mu HC, a surrogate L chain, and
Src family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) actively participate in signal transduction during lymphocyte activation. However, little is known about the roles of PTKs and their substrates in lymphocyte differentiation. To identify PTK substrates that may be differentially expressed during B
The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin (IL-6) is a major growth factor for murine plasmacytomas/hybridomas and human myeloma cells. Here we report that IL-6 stimulated different patterns of tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK-TYK kinases in IL-6-responsive murine (B9E and T10D) and human (ANBL-6 and
The gene mutated in the human disease, X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), is related to the Src gene family of cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases and is designated Btk (Bruton's agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase; formerly Atk/Bpk; the human gene is denoted BTK, using capital letters according to
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an immunodeficiency disease in man, resulting from an arrest in early B cell differentiation. The gene defective in XLA has recently been identified and encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase, named Bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk), essential for cell
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas (ALCLs) carry translocations in which the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene is juxtaposed to various genes, the most common of which is the NPM/B23 gene. ALK fusion proteins result in the constitutive activation of ALK tyrosine kinase, thereby enhancing
B cell Ag receptor (BCR) signaling occurs via tyrosine phosphorylation of CD79a and CD79b ITAMs, leading to recruitment and activation of Lyn and Syk tyrosine kinases and subsequent downstream events. CD45 expression is required for BCR triggering of certain of these downstream events, such as
Interleukin (IL)-11 is a bone marrow fibroblast derived cytokine with a wide spectrum of activities in different biological systems. It has been shown that IL-11 supports the growth of certain types of plasmacytoma and hybridoma cells, enhances antigen-specific antibody responses, synergizes with
Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a novel stroma-derived cytokine that acts on both hematopoietic progenitors and stromal cells. IL-11 was originally identified in a medium conditioned by the macaque bone marrow-derived stromal cell line PU-34 and cloned as a growth factor for the IL-6-dependent
The X-chromosome from the CBA/N mouse which carries the defective Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) allele (Xxid) has been introgressively backcrossed onto the plasmacytoma (PCT) induction-susceptible BALB/cAN. Inbred BALB/c.CBA/N-xid/xid (C.CBA/N) mice raised and maintained in our conventional colony
Transmembrane adaptor proteins (of which 7 have been identified so far) are involved in receptor signaling in immune cells. They have only a short extracellular region, with most of the molecule comprising a substantial intracytoplasmic region carrying multiple tyrosine residues that can be
Edema occurs in some types of chronic inflammation such as nasal polyps, uterine cervical polyps and gastric hyperplastic polyps. However, the factors or cellular components involved in the development of edema in chronic inflammation remain to be clarified. Recently, the gene encoding vascular