Aromatherapy for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Children
关键词
抽象
描述
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common postoperative complications of general anesthesia occurring after up to 40% of general anesthetics. PONV is an unpleasant experience and can result in secondary complications including wound dehiscence, electrolyte abnormalities and aspiration pneumonia. PONV often causes delayed stays in the postanesthesia care unit and delayed hospital discharge.
The mechanism of PONV is poorly understood. Given the multifactorial nature of nausea and vomiting, standard pharmacological therapy approaches the problem from various pathways. Methods that include antihistaminic therapies such as dimenhydrinate (gravol), antiserotonergic medications such as ondansetron (Zofran) and glucocorticoids (dexamethasone), have been used effectively in different surgical settings to address PONV. They do not work however, without occasional significant side effects such as urinary retention, blurred vision, increased infection rates, headaches and constipation. Given that pharmacological interventions for PONV are not universally effective and have accompanying side effects, there has been recent interest in additional complementary interventions.
Aromatherapy has been used to treat nausea from motion sickness, pregnancy, cancer and pain. In postoperative adults, a recent large adequately powered randomized control trial found aromatherapy resulted in a significant risk reduction of nausea (0.37) when compared with saline. Given the encouraging results of the first adequately powered adult study, the goal is to determine whether PONV is reduced by aromatherapy in the pediatric population. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to determine if aromatherapy is more effective than placebo in the treatment of postoperative nausea in children as a complementary treatment to current postoperative practices.
This research is important as it is the first study to assesses whether aromatherapy can be useful in postoperative nausea treatment for children. The implications of this study could mean an improvement in the health care experience of children who have nausea postoperation and potentially a reduction in rescue antinausea drug use in this population in the future.
日期
最后验证: | 12/31/2015 |
首次提交: | 12/22/2015 |
提交的预估入学人数: | 01/24/2016 |
首次发布: | 01/25/2016 |
上次提交的更新: | 01/24/2016 |
最近更新发布: | 01/25/2016 |
实际学习开始日期: | 06/30/2014 |
预计主要完成日期: | 04/30/2015 |
预计完成日期: | 06/30/2015 |
状况或疾病
干预/治疗
Drug: Aromatherapy
Drug: Placebo
相
手臂组
臂 | 干预/治疗 |
---|---|
Experimental: Aromatherapy Aromatherapy inhaler (QueaseEASE, Soothing Scents Inc, Enterprise, AL) applied to nauseous post surgical paediatric patients in the postanesthetic care unit | Drug: Aromatherapy Inhalation of commercial essential oil preparation (QueaseEASE) delivered in the commercial inhaler package in postanesthetic care unit after surgery in paediatric patients complaining of nausea |
Placebo Comparator: Placebo Saline inhaler applied to nauseous post surgical paediatric patients in the postanesthetic care unit | Drug: Placebo Inhaler is similar in design and function as the intervention inhaler only with saline rather than essential oils. Inhaler provided by the manufacturer QueaseEASE (Soothing Scents, Inc, Enterprise, AL) |
资格标准
有资格学习的年龄 | 4 Years 至 4 Years |
有资格学习的性别 | All |
接受健康志愿者 | 是 |
标准 | Inclusion Criteria: - American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II - absence of neurodevelopment disorders - patient having elective day surgery Exclusion Criteria: - family or patient refusal - allergy or sensitivity to aromatherapy oils - inability to smell in the postoperative period |
结果
主要结果指标
1. Reduction in postoperative nausea and vomiting score [2 hours postoperative in the post anesthetic care unit]
次要成果指标
1. Total number of patients who used antiemetics [2 hours post-operatively]
2. Total number of patients with emesis [2 hours post-operatively]
3. Total number of patients who continue to use the inhaler [2 hours post-operatively]
4. Reduction in Baxter Animated Retching Faces (BARF) scale magnitude [2 hours post-operatively]