Diet Restriction and Exercise-induced Adaptations in Metastatic Breast Cancer
关键词
抽象
描述
Despite major advances in recent decades in treatment for early stage breast cancer leading to an 89% 5-year survival rate, metastatic breast cancer is still considered incurable due to resistance to most available treatments. As such, 5-year survival rate for metastatic breast cancer is only 22%. One mechanism for resistance to cancer therapies and promotion of metastasis in solid tumors is that their vascular system is impaired causing diminished delivery of systemic therapy and oxygen. Furthermore, toxicity can be quite high with metastatic regimens, which can limit the dose received. Both diet and exercise have been used to attenuate treatment toxicity, but the promising preclinical evidence showing their potential to enhance chemotherapy efficacy and survival has not been studied in humans. For example, a single bout of aerobic exercise substantially increased tumor blood flow and oxygen delivery, suggesting that chemotherapy delivery to the tumor would be enhanced. Short periods of fasting or caloric restriction also appear to be safe and effective strategies to inhibit tumor growth, enhance chemotherapy efficacy, while also promoting resistance to chemotherapy in healthy cells. Furthermore, combining aerobic exercise and caloric restriction can elicit synergistic effects on outcomes relevant to cancer, including body composition, aerobic fitness, fasting insulin and glucose, insulin-like growth factor, and tumor promoter pathways.
Study Design: With preclinical proof-of-principle and clinical safety and feasibility of each intervention independently established, this study will be a phase II, two-arm, single blind, randomized controlled trial. Fifty patients will be randomly assigned to an acute intervention consisting of both aerobic exercise and caloric restriction administered acutely prior to each of six chemotherapy cycles, or to usual care.
Approach: Participants will include adults with metastatic breast cancer with measurable metastases that will receive intravenous chemotherapy. The aerobic exercise intervention will consist of a single supervised recumbent cycle ergometer session performed concurrent to each chemotherapy infusion. The diet intervention consists of provision of meals freshly prepared in a metabolic kitchen under the supervision of a dietitian with caloric content equivalent to 50% of measured energy requirements and low carbohydrate content for the 72 hours prior to each chemotherapy infusion. This acute intervention does not lead to long-term nutritional imbalances or weight loss. Exercise intensity and meals will be individualized to participant abilities and preferences. Tumor outcomes will be assessed via CT scan (tumor size) and MRI (novel marker of tumor regression), while symptoms and quality of life will be assessed via questionnaire before, during and after up to six chemotherapy cycles of a consistent treatment protocol. Progression-free and overall survival will be tracked for two years after diagnosis.
日期
最后验证: | 11/30/2019 |
首次提交: | 11/25/2018 |
提交的预估入学人数: | 01/03/2019 |
首次发布: | 01/06/2019 |
上次提交的更新: | 12/11/2019 |
最近更新发布: | 12/15/2019 |
实际学习开始日期: | 04/22/2019 |
预计主要完成日期: | 12/30/2021 |
预计完成日期: | 12/30/2021 |
状况或疾病
干预/治疗
Behavioral: Intervention Group
相
手臂组
臂 | 干预/治疗 |
---|---|
Experimental: Intervention Group Standard chemotherapy treatment and oncology care plus short-term diet and exercise intervention. | Behavioral: Intervention Group Participants assigned to the intervention group will perform both the diet and acute exercise interventions. The interventions will be applied prior to up to six chemotherapy treatments of a consistent protocol. The total number of treatments of a given protocol received prior to treatment conclusion is dependent on patient condition and oncologic care preferences. |
No Intervention: Control Group Standard chemotherapy treatment and oncology care. |
资格标准
有资格学习的年龄 | 18 Years 至 18 Years |
有资格学习的性别 | All |
接受健康志愿者 | 是 |
标准 | Inclusion Criteria: - Diagnosis of stage IV or metastatic breast cancer; - Measurable metastases. - Age >18 - Starting (or having only received one treatment of) any type of intravenously administered chemotherapy; - Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Score < 3 - Oncologist approval to participate - Able to communicate and read and understand English; - Willing and able to adhere to the study interventions and assessments; Exclusion Criteria: - Limitations to sustained exercise (including bone metastases in the femur neck); - Clinical evidence of cachexia (oncologist's discretion, study team will use body mass index <18.5kg/m² as a flag to highlight concern to treating oncologist); - Body mass >109 kg at time of enrollment; - Diabetes; - Severe food allergies; - History of eating disorder (diagnosed or self-reported); - Unable to provide informed consent (i.e. cognitive impairment); - Supplemental oxygen requirement; - Uncontrolled pleural effusions (oncologists approval if pleural effusions exists and are controlled); - Bilirubin >30 umol/L; - Creatinine >120 umol/L; - Pregnant; - Contraindications to 3T MRI for research purposes |
结果
主要结果指标
1. Tumor size [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
次要成果指标
1. Tumor response to therapy by magnetic resonance imaging [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
其他成果措施
1. Patient-reported treatment symptoms [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment, 2-4 weeks after the third chemotherapy, and 2-4 weeks after six chemotherapy treatments]
2. Self reported quality of life [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment, 2-4 weeks after the third chemotherapy, and 2-4 weeks after six chemotherapy treatments]
3. Progression-free survival [Two years after study enrollment]
4. Overall survival [Two years after study enrollment]
5. Liver T1 relaxation time [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
6. Left ventricular ejection fraction [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
7. Thigh muscle mass [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
8. Thigh muscle quality [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]
9. Thigh skeletal muscle T1 relaxation time [0-6 weeks before the first chemotherapy treatment and 1-4 weeks after the last chemotherapy treatment]