主要结果指标
1. Change in mean blood glucose (mg/dL) [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Mean blood glucose was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
2. Change in mean amplitude of glycemic variability (MAGE) (mg/dL) [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (mean amplitude of glycemic excursions) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
3. Change in standard deviation (mg/dL) of continuous glucose monitor data [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (standard deviation) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
4. Change in coefficient of variation (percent) of continuous glucose monitor data [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (coefficient of variation (percent) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
5. Change in J-index of continuous glucose monitor data [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (J-index) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
6. Change in area under the curve of continuous glucose monitor data [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
A continuous glucose monitor was attached to all participants, which collected data for 2 weeks. Glycemic variability (area under the curve) was calculated for each participant using GlyCulator, an online tool for analyzing CGM data.
7. Change in total sugar consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total sugar intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
8. Change in added sugar consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in added sugar intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
9. Change in total water consumption (g/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total water intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
10. Change in unsweetened water consumption (servings/day) using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in unsweetened water intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
11. Change in energy (kcal/day) consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in energy (kcal) intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
12. Change in total carbohydrate (g/day) consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in total carbohydrate intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
13. Change in percent calories from carbohydrate consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from carbohydrate intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
14. Change in percent calories from total sugars consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from total sugars intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
15. Change in percent calories from added sugars consumption using 24-hour dietary recalls [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted 24-hour diet recalls and entered data into the NDSR database for comparison of change in % calories from added sugars intake between the control and intervention schools (time x group interaction).
16. Change in sugary beverage (tioka) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
17. Change in sugary beverage (tang) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
18. Change in sugary beverage (toddy) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
19. Change in sugary beverage (ice block) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
20. Change in sugary beverage (soda) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
21. Change in sugary beverage (juice) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
22. Change in sugary beverage (fruit drinks) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
23. Change in sugary beverage (coffee/tea) consumption using beverage frequency questionnaires [2 weeks (1 week pre- and 1 week post-intervention)]
The investigators conducted beverage frequency questionnaires which asked about consumption of popular beverages on Kiritimati (specifically: "how many days per week do you typically drink this drink?" and "how much each day?") then compared change pre-and post-intervention between the two groups (time x group interaction) in servings/day.
