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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2016-Oct

Urinary Clearance of Cranberry Flavonol Glycosides in Humans.

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Yifei Wang
Ajay P Singh
Heather N Nelson
Amanda J Kaiser
Nicolette C Reker
Tisha L Hooks
Ted Wilson
Nicholi Vorsa

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Cranberry is reported to have health benefits including prevention of urinary tract infections and other chronic diseases, due to the high content of polyphenols including flavonols and flavan-3-ols. The aim of this study was to determine the clearance of flavonol glycosides and flavan-3-ols and/or their metabolites in human urine. Ten healthy women volunteers ingested 240 ml cranberry juice containing flavonol glycosides. Urine samples were collected at 0, 90, 225 and 360 minutes post-ingestion. While flavan-3-ols were not detected, five flavonol glycosides common in cranberry were identified. Quercetin-3-galactoside, the most abundant cranberry flavonol, exhibited highest peak urine concentration (Cmax) of 1315 pg/mg creatinine, followed by quercetin-3-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-arabinoside, myricetin-3-arabinoside and myricetin-3-galactoside. Quercetin-3-arabinoside showed delayed clearance, Cmax at 237 min (Tmax), relative to other flavonols (90-151 min). Both aglycone and conjugated sugar moiety structure mediates the flavonol's bioavailability. Inter-individual variation for bioavailability and clearance is also apparent. Metabolites, e.g. glucoronides, were not detected.

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