anxiety/nicotine

Smoking cessation leads to dysphoria and anxiety, which both increase the risk for relapse. This negative affective state is partly mediated by an increase in activity in brain stress systems. Recent studies indicate that prolonged viral vector-mediated overexpression of stress peptides diminishes

The effects of smoking cigarettes with differing FTC nicotine deliveries on anxiety and EEG activity were evaluated in 40 smokers who were compared with 40 non-smokers, matched for age and gender. Following smoking (sham-smoking in the case of the non-smokers), the participants viewed a

Adolescent nicotine exposure is associated with long-term use, and it has been suggested that this vulnerability to addiction may relate to lasting anxiogenic effects of the drug. However, few studies have addressed long-term effects of adolescent nicotine, and fewer yet have compared adolescent to

BACKGROUND Nicotine withdrawal is characterized by both affective and cognitive symptoms. Identifying genetic polymorphisms that could affect the symptoms associated with nicotine withdrawal are important in predicting withdrawal sensitivity and identifying personalized cessation therapies. In the

The adult use of cocaine and nicotine has been linked to depression and/or anxiety. Changes in emotional behavior were assessed using behavioral paradigms developed as animal analogs of psychiatric disorders in 12-14 month old Sprague-Dawley rats exposed daily on gestational days 8-20 to cocaine and

Anxiety-related disorders are severe psychiatric conditions that involve complex physiological and behavioral maladaptive responses. The use of conspecific alarm substance (CAS) for inducing anxiety-like behaviors in fish species provides important translational insights of how aversive conditions

Studies in smokers suggest that nicotine might exert anxiolytic, stress-dampening and mood-enhancing effects and beneficially influences neural processing of affective information. Regarding non-smokers, results are inconsistent, and no data exist on the effect of nicotine on neural emotion

Anxiety may play a role in the initiation of smoking and there is evidence to suggest that sex and age may predetermine responses to nicotine. At present, the greatest increase in smoking is in women and it is often accompanied by dieting. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how the

The effects of nicotine administration into the dorsal hippocampus and lateral septum provide further evidence that different neurochemical and neuroanatomical substrates control behaviour in different animal tests. Thus, in the social interaction test (a model of generalised anxiety disorder),

Adolescence is considered a period of enhanced vulnerability to the initiation of tobacco use. Biological differences in the sensitivity of adolescents and adults to the anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects of nicotine may contribute to this heightened vulnerability. Here, we investigated the

BACKGROUND Most smokers report smoking has an anxiolytic effect, which may contribute to nicotine dependence. OBJECTIVE To examine effects in the social interaction test (SI) of anxiety after 4 weeks' self-administered nicotine (15 infusions of 0.03 mg/kg, totalling 0.45 mg/kg per day), and after 24

BACKGROUND Acute behavioural effects and motivational responses induced by nicotine can be modulated by the endocannabinoid system supporting the existence of a physiological interaction between these two systems. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to examine the possible involvement of the

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible involvement of GABA(B) receptors in the anxiolytic- and anxiogenic-like responses induced by nicotine in mice. Animals were exposed to nicotine only once. The acute administration of low (0.05mg/kg, sc) or high (0.8mg/kg, sc) doses of

BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the participation of the endogenous opioid system in several behavioural responses induced by nicotine including antinociception, rewarding properties, and physical drug dependence. OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to examine the possible involvement

Adolescents have an increased vulnerability to nicotine and anxiety may play a role in the development of nicotine abuse. One possible treatment for anxiety disorders and substance abuse is the GABAB agonist, baclofen. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of anxiety-like behavior