From Usnea aciculifera, a new depside aciculiferin A (1) was isolated, together with eleven known compounds, (+)-(12R)-usnic acid (2), methyl haematommate (3), methyl beta-orsellinate (4), methyl orsellinate (5), atranol (6), 7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-6-methylphthalide (7), norstictic acid (8), stictic