beta carotene/atrophy

The retinoid cycle enzymes regenerate the visual chromophore 11-cis retinal to enable vision. Mutations in the genes encoding the proteins of the retinoid cycle are the leading cause for recessively inherited retinal dystrophies such as retinitis pigmentosa, Leber congenital amaurosis, congenital

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the principal causes of blindness. This study investigated the association between diet and the prevalence of AMD in elderly Korean women. Study subjects were women aged ⩾65 years (n=1008) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination

Muscle atrophy increases the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of atrophy-related genes, which are involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In the present study, we investigated the effects of β-carotene on oxidative stress (100 μM-H2O2)-induced muscle atrophy in murine

The antioxidant effects of flavonoids and β-carotene during the thermal auto-oxidation of food relevant oil-in-water emulsions were spectrophotometrically assessed by measuring the formation of primary oxidation products (conjugated dienes and lipid hydroperoxides). An oxidatively "sensitive" model

This case-control study reports the association between nutrient intake and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Japan. The nutrient intake of 161 neovascular AMD cases from two university hospitals and 369 population-based control subjects from a cohort study was assessed using a

OBJECTIVE To describe the long-term effects (10 years) of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) formulation of high-dose antioxidants and zinc supplement on progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS Multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial followed by an

BACKGROUND Observational and experimental data suggest that antioxidant and/or zinc supplements may delay progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and vision loss. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of high-dose vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc supplements on AMD progression and

A model system containing lactoperoxidase/H2O2/halide decomposed beta-carotene in a reaction greatly affected by the concentration of H2O2. The optimal concentrations of H2O2 for activation of iodide and bromide were 2 mM and 10 microM, respectively. The oxidation of chloride by a lactoperoxidase,

The risk of macular degeneration can be reduced through the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods, supplements, and nutraceutical formulas. This review focuses on the antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that have been reported for reducing the risk of macular degeneration and other eye-related

BACKGROUND Vitamin A is important for protection against diarrhea, and supplements may benefit gut function of infants of HIV-infected mothers. METHODS We studied 238 infants of HIV-infected South African women participating in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A during

Femtosecond time-resolved pump-degenerate four-wave mixing (pump-DFWM) spectroscopy has been used to study the ultrafast dynamics of beta-carotene involving several electronic and vibrational states. An initial pump pulse, resonant with the S(0)-to-S(2) transition, excites the molecular system and a