bupleurum krylovianum/hemorrhage

BACKGROUND Bupleurum polysaccharides (BPs), isolated from Bupleurum smithii var. parvifolium, possesses immunomodulatory activity, particularly on inflammation. Bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers innate immune responses through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on host cell membrane.

Radix Bupleuri is a traditional Chinese herb frequently used in the prescriptions for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. This study was to determine whether the crude polysaccharides isolated from the roots of Bupleurum smithii var. parvifolium (BPs) had beneficial effects on a "two-hit" acute