butterfly/nicotine

Leaves displaying bright yellow or light green line pattern symptoms were collected from individual, large, mature buddleias in a home garden in Clemson, SC, a botanical garden in Knoxville, TN, and a container-grown plant on sale in a retail home and garden store in Seneca, SC. Buddleias grown in

A filamentous virus isolated from Iris japonica with mosaic symptoms was pathogenic to I. japonica and I. bulleyana but not to 12 virus indicator species. Sequencing of the 3'-terminus of the genome showed that it was a potyvirus, most closely related to sunflower mosaic virus (63.2% identical), and

Optical plant characteristics are important cues to plant-feeding insects. In this article, we demonstrate for the first time that silencing the phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene, encoding a key enzyme in plant carotenoid biosynthesis, affects insect oviposition site selection behaviour. Virus-induced

The entire mitochondrial genome of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Spinghidae) was sequenced -- a circular molecular 15516 bp in size. The arrangement of the protein coding genes (PCGs) was the same as that found in the ancestral insect, however Manduca possessed the derived tRNA

The possibility to use agrobacterial transformation of leaf discs to produce resistance to bacterial infections in tobacco and potato plants by introduction of a single gene encoding the serine proteinase inhibitor BWI-1a (ISP) from buckwheat seeds is shown. All studied PCR-positive transgenic

Bacteria degrade nicotine mainly using pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways. Previously, we discovered a hybrid of the pyridine and pyrrolidine pathways (VPP pathway) in Pseudomonas geniculata N1 and characterized its key enzyme 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine amine oxidase (HisD). It catalyzes

Owing to the vasoconstrictive effect of nicotine, smoking may potentially interfere in the results of the drug-induced erection test for papaverine hydrochloride. To investigate the effect of smoking on this test, 12 patients between 22 and 65 years old underwent the following protocol: phase

1. The blue-green coloration of the blood plasma in some marine fishes, which is attributed to a protein bound tetrapyrrol (biliverdin), is an anomaly in vertebrates. 2. Recent studies have shown that biliverdin not only occurs in many fish, but is also present in the blood of tobacco hornworm, the

Human apolipoprotein D (APO-D) is a serum glycoprotein that has no sequence similarity with other apolipoproteins but rather belongs to the alpha 2-microglobulin superfamily whose other members transport small hydrophobic ligands in a wide variety of biological contexts. To investigate the ligand

Binding studies were performed with two 125I-labeled Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins on brush border membrane vesicles prepared from the larval midgut of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta or the cabbage butterfly Pieris brassicae. One delta-endotoxin, Bt2-protoxin, is a 130-kDa recombinant

Background Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may form clusters with clinical manifestations and autoantibodies. Objective The objective of this report is to study whether SLE patients with positive rheumatoid factor (RF) have a special clinical and/or serological profile. Methods A

The Vip3A protein, secreted by Bacillus spp. during the vegetative stage of growth, represents a new family of insecticidal proteins. In our investigation of the mode of action of Vip3A, the 88-kDa Vip3A full-length toxin (Vip3A-F) was proteolytically activated to an approximately 62-kDa core toxin

Insect hemocytes (equivalent to mammalian white blood cells) play an important role in several physiological processes throughout an insect's life cycle. In larval stages of insects belonging to the orders of Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) and Diptera (true flies), hemocytes are formed from the

Here we present the first digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) analysis of the flow field around the wings of an insect (the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta, tethered to a 6-component force-moment balance in a wind tunnel). A leading-edge vortex (LEV) is present above the wings towards the end

Heliothine pests such as the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), pose a significant threat to production of a variety of crops and ornamental plants and are models for developmental and physiological studies. The efforts to develop new control measures for H. virescens, as well as its use as