canavanine/inflammation

The intracellular mechanism by which sepsis lowers vascular reactivity and the subsequent reversal by dexamethasone or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors remain unclear. We measured the sensitivity of contraction of the rat tail artery to intracellular Ca2+ in a model of polymicrobial septic

We have demonstrated the neuroprotection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) against chemical hypoxia-induced injury by inhibiting p38MAPK pathway. The present study attempts to evaluate the effect of H2S on chemical hypoxia-induced inflammation responses and its mechanisms in PC12 cells. We found that

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid known to have antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. This study examined if shrimp astaxanthin modulates the production of superoxide (O(-)(2)), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat alveolar macrophages. The oxidative effect was induced by

Association of SLE and alfalfa was first reported in a volunteer who developed lupus-like autoimmunity while ingesting alfalfa seed for a hypercholesterolemia study. This was corroborated with studies in monkeys fed with alfalfa sprout that developed SLE. Re-challenge with L-canavanine relapsed the

Septicemia leads to oxidative stress with overproduction of reactive-oxygen species (ROS) and consumption of endogenous antioxidant enzymes. We tested a twofold hypothesis: (1) does oxidative stress (OxS) induced by sepsis acting alone or in concert with augmented inflammatory processes contributes

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most versatile players in the immune system. Most parasites induce inflammation in the host associated with NO production. Here, we compare the in vitro effect of Schistosoma bovis somatic (SbS) and excretory-secretory (SbES) antigens, and excretory-secretory

Hepatic macrophages and endothelial cells play an important role in the clearance of endotoxin from the portal circulation. These cells are activated by endotoxin to release reactive mediators including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, which have been implicated in hepatic

Nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the oxidation of L-arginine to nitric oxide and L-citrulline. Because overproduction of nitric oxide causes tissue damage in neurological, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders, design of NOS inhibitors has received much attention. Most inhibitors described to

LSTRA is a mouse lymphoma cell line overexpressing the src-related oncogene product and T cell marker p56lck. We have discovered that LSTRA cells, like HL60 and U937 promyelocytic leukemia cells, can be induced to differentiate toward macrophages by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl

This study investigated the effects of airway inflammation elicited by intraperitoneal and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide administration to guinea pigs on the activity of tracheal epithelium-derived relaxant factor (EpDRF). Acetylcholine induced epithelium-dependent relaxation in precontracted rat

Nitric oxide is an important cellular mediator produced in keratinocytes and macrophages from arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase during inflammatory reactions in the skin. We found that gamma-interferon stimulated nitric oxide production and the expression of inducible nitric oxide

The present studies were designed to assess the ability of primary cultures of bone marrow cells to produce nitric oxide. We found that two inflammatory stimuli, IFN-gamma and LPS, were potent inducers of nitric oxide production by bone marrow cells. In addition, the CSF granulocyte-macrophage

In the central nervous system (CNS), cytokine-primed microglia play a central role in host's defense against Acanthamoeba castellanii infection. In this study, the effect of recombinant interferon (rIFN)-gamma and Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (LPS), both inflammatory

Stroke is one of the most frequent causes of death and disability worldwide. Cerebral ischemia is the major insult of stroke and induces acute inflammation by triggering excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to the exacerbation of primary brain damage. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-

Sutherlandia frutescens (tribe Galegeae, Fabaceae), a popular plant in traditional medicine, is indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho, southern Namibia and southeastern Botswana. It is chemically, genetically and geographically extremely variable and has been divided into three subspecies and several