cholera/diarrhea

We identified 281 Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains from patients with diarrhea in Kolkata, India. Cholera-like diarrhea was the major symptom (66.0%); some patients (20.3%) had severe dehydration. These strains lacked the ctxA gene but many had hlyA, rtxA, and rtxC genes. Pulsed-field gel

The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate prospectively electrolyte disturbances in elderly patients with severe diarrhea due to cholera. A total of 20 adult (Group I; < 60 yr) and 22 elderly (Group II; > or = 60 yr) patients were studied. In all patients, extracellular fluid (ECF) volume

Fecal bile acid and neutral sterol patterns were studied in eight healthy adult volunteers who were challenged with Vibrio cholerae classical Ogawa 395 strain in the course of vaccine development studies. Bacterial 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids was not altered during

In 1996, we examined five domestic and eight imported cases of sporadic diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in Tokyo. The domestic cases occurred during the summer, from June to September, while the imported cases were seen throughout the year. The major clinical symptoms of the patients were

A recombinant plasmid pMM-CTB containing the gene for production of the nontoxic B subunit of Vibrio cholera was transferred into a safe, effective and attenuated oral vaccine Ty21a strain of Salmonella typhi. The resulting Ty21a (pMM-CTB) could steadily produce CT-B subunit that was secreted

We used the Salmonella typhi galactose epimerase (galE) mutant strain Ty21a, shown to be a safe, effective, living, attenuated oral typhoid vaccine, as a recipient for a recombinant plasmid containing the gene for production of the nontoxic B subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia

Specific staining of antigen within bovine embryo kidney tissue culture cells, infected with either Oregon C24V or NADL-MD bovine viral diarrhea virus, was accomplished using fluorescein-conjugated swine anti-hog cholera or bovine antiviral diarrhea globulin. Also specific staining of antigen within

The use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) has revolutionized the management of acute diarrhea. The implementation of the standard World Health Organization ORS (WHO-ORS) has resulted in decreased mortality associated with acute diarrheal illnesses in children, although in general stool volume and

A modified removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea (RITARD) model was used to investigate the intestinal pathology, intestinal bacterial colonization, intestinal fluid volume, and onset of diarrhea caused by non-O1 Vibrio cholerae. Three strains of non-O1 V. cholerae were studied. RITARD

Cholera is caused by infection with Vibrio cholerae. This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiology of diarrhea caused by the V. cholerae O1 El Tor variant (EL), a major epidemic strain causing severe diarrhea in several regions. In the ligated ileal loop model of EL-induced diarrhea in the ICR

During the recent cholera epidemic which affected Peru and other Latin American countries, fresh stool samples of 100 hospitalized children were assessed February through April 1991. The children had been admitted because of profuse watery diarrhea. The microbiologic study of wet mount preparations

A newly described Vibrio cholerae O139 was isolated from a patient who had traveled in India on April 1993. The patient experienced 5 to 6 watery diarrhea per day after he returned to Japan. The isolated strain registered as K111 did not agglutinate with O1-O138 antiserum and agglutinated with O139

The pestiviruses are small enveloped RNA viruses and are causative agents of economically important animal diseases in cattle, swine, sheep and goats worldwide. We used the polymerase chain reaction to amplify one common fragment of several different strains of both hog cholera virus and bovine

The therapeutic efficacy of Bioflorin (Streptococcus faecium SF68; Gipharmex, Milan, Italy) in acute watery diarrhea was evaluated in 183 Bangladeshi adults. Vibrio cholerae organisms were isolated from stool cultures in 114 patients, and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli organisms were isolated in

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-regulated chloride channel localized primarily at the apical or luminal surfaces of epithelial cells that line the airway, gut, and exocrine glands; it is well established that CFTR plays a pivotal role in cholera toxin