citrinin/neoplasms

Breast cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer and a leading cause of mortality among Women worldwide. Citrinin (CIT), a polyketide extracted from the fungus Penicillium citrinum, exhibits a wide range of biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic effects. The

BACKGROUND Microbial growth is considered one of the major causes of indoor air problems. Moulds have been associated with asthma, allergy and a wide range of diffuse indoor air-related symptoms. However, mechanisms of the adverse health effects are not well understood. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized

Tobacco and alcohol consumption have been reported as major factors for the development of oral cancer. Edible fungi of the Monascus species have been used as traditional Chinese medicine in eastern Asia for several centuries. Monascus-fermented products have many functional secondary metabolites,

To find out whether ochratoxin A (OTA), citrinin (CIT), aristolochic acids (AA) are etiologic agents of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) or Chinese herbal nephrotoxicity, and associated urinary tract tumor (UTT), we have compared (i) in human kidney cell culture, the DNA adduct formation and

Fifteen citrinin derivatives (1-4, 6-16), including two unprecedented citrinin trimers tricitrinols A (3) and B (4), were isolated from Penicillium citrinum HGY1-5. The six-membered ring A system is essential for the cytotoxicity of active dimers (1, 2, and 5) and trimers (3 and 4). Tricitrinol B

The mycotoxin citrinin (CTN), a natural contaminant in foodstuffs and animal feeds, exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on various mammalian cells. CTN causes cell injury, including apoptosis, but its precise regulatory mechanisms of action are currently unclear. Resveratrol, a member of the

The toxicity and carcinogenicity of number of chemicals, for which there are toxicity and/or carcinogenicity data in mouse and rat, were tested in medaka, a small aquarium fish (Oryzias latipes). The water-soluble chemicals were dissolved in the water and the water-insoluble chemicals were

Aflatoxins, the most powerful mycotoxins, were brought to the attention fo the people in the early 1960s with the outbreak of the turkey "X" disease in England. However, the history of mycotoxin research in Japan began 100 years ago. In 1891, Sakaki demonstrated that moldy, unpolished rice was fatal

Endemic nephropathy is a human kidney disease that still escapes scientific explanation. It is accompanied by a high incidence of urothelial tumors in rural populations in endemic areas, which suggests that a natural nephrotoxic and carcinogenic compound may be involved in the etiology. The most

The prevalence of oral tumor has exponentially increased in recent years; however, the effective therapies or prevention strategies are not sufficient. Red mold rice is a traditional Chinese food, and several reports have demonstrated that red mold rice had an anti-tumor effect. However, the

Background: Secondary metabolites as natural products from endophytic fungi are important sources of pharmaceuticals. However, there is currently little understanding of endophytic fungi at the omics levels about their potential in

Mycotoxins are toxic substances produced by molds, which cause disease in animals or man. Acute diseases caused by mycotoxins are called mycotoxicoses. History has recorded several human disease outbreaks and numerous animal poisonings thought to be mycotoxicoses. The outbreak of Turkey X disease in

The microbial exposure associated with health complaints in moldy houses consists of a heterogeneous group of components, including both living and dead bacteria, fungi, and their metabolites and active compounds. However, little is known about the interactions between different microbes and their

Background: Human dietary exposure to chemicals can result in a wide range of adverse health effects. Some substances might cause non-communicable diseases, including cancer and coronary heart diseases, and could be nephrotoxic. Food is

Mycotoxins are important food contaminants responsible for health effects such as cancer, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity or immunosuppression. The assessment of mycotoxin exposure is often based on calculations combining mycotoxin occurrence data in food with population data on food consumption.