codeine/obesity

This report describes the deaths of three children ages 4-10 years due to codeine toxicity at home. All three children were overweight or obese; however, the codeine doses were within recommended dose ranges for adjusted lean weight. Codeine's analgesic effect depends on its metabolic conversion to

Nephrolithiasis, or renal stone disease, is common and the incidence is increasing globally. In the UK the lifetime risk is estimated to be 8-10%. On a population level, the increase in stone incidence, erosion of gender disparity, and younger age of onset is likely to reflect increasing prevalence

Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly done surgical procedures in children. There are many unreported deaths following tonsillectomy in children due to opioids. Genetic variations in liver microenzyme, CYP2D6, had been associated with some of the deaths. Opioids metabolized by CYP2D6 include

BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common condition characterized by paresthesia and an urge to move. Predominantly, symptoms occur at rest in the evening or at night, and they are alleviated by moving the affected extremity. RLS prevalence in the general population has been estimated to

Osteoarthritis is the most frequently encountered form of arthritis worldwide. Pharmacological therapies consisting of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and analgesics such as paracetamol (acetaminophen), codeine and dextropropoxyphene are the principal means of symptom control.

Over a 5-yr period, 19 adults presented to our sleep disorders center with histories of involuntary, nocturnal, sleep-related eating that usually occurred with other problematic nocturnal behaviors. Mean age (+/- SD) at presentation was 37.4 (+/- 9.1) yr (range 18-54); 73.7% of the patients (n = 14)

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly disabling and costly condition with an escalating prevalence in Australia due to the ageing and increasing obesity of the population. The general practitioner (GP) plays a central role in the management of this condition. The aim of this study was to

Sleep-related eating disorders distinct from daytime eating disorders have recently been shown to be associated with sleepwalking (SW), periodic limb movement (PLM) disorder and triazolam abuse in a series of 19 adults. We now report eight other primary or combined etiologies identified by clinical

OBJECTIVE Antipsychotics are widely used in geriatric psychiatric disorders. A growing number of atypical antipsychotics are available, expanding clinical options but complicating decision-making. Many questions about use of antipsychotics in older patients remain unanswered by available clinical

This review provides a historical background on sleep-related eating disorders, summarizes findings from a series of 38 adults, and presents a current classification. The "night-eating syndrome" was first reported in 1955; only nine reports on this syndrome appeared during the next 36 years, seven