cotinine/vomiting

UNASSIGNED Post-operative vomiting (POV) in children remains a significant clinical problem. This prospective study aims to investigate the applicability of well-established adult early post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) risk factors on paediatric POV after adenotonsillectomies under

The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and (a) fetal growth restriction; and (b) maternal caffeine metabolism and fetal growth restriction. A cohort of 2,643 pregnant women, aged 18-45 years, attending two UK maternity units between 8 and 12

BACKGROUND Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aids smoking reduction and cessation. Although NRT is effective and safe, some smokers may achieve high nicotine levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and severity of nicotine-related adverse events in subjects with levels of

BACKGROUND Some epidemiologic studies have suggested that the ingestion of caffeine increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, but the results have been inconsistent. METHODS We performed a population-based, case-control study of early spontaneous abortion in Uppsala County, Sweden. The subjects

Green tobacco sickness (GTS) is an illness associated with exposure to nicotine originating directly from the growing tobacco plant. The exposure takes place in the course of activities during tobacco farming. Nausea, vomiting, headache and dizziness are the symptoms typical of GTS. The GTS cases

During the harvest period, tobacco workers are exposed to nicotine and it is known that absorption of the alkaloid via the leaves causes green tobacco sickness (GST). We investigated if GST and its symptoms are associated with DNA damage and alterations of the redox status. DNA damage was measured

Recent studies in rodents suggest that non-nicotine constituents of tobacco smoke (e.g., minor tobacco alkaloids) may promote tobacco consumption-either through their own pharmacological effects or by augmenting the effects of nicotine. However, there is scant information on the behavioral

OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to understand the prevalence and risk factors of green tobacco sickness (GTS) among Korean tobacco harvesters. METHODS The authors conducted a questionnaire among the tobacco harvesters (1, 064 persons from 555 out of 723 tobacco harvesting households) in

Occupational health problems among 100 tobacco processing workers were investigated. Symptoms, including vomiting, giddiness, headache, etc. were found among 69 exposed subjects. It was also observed that the excretion rate of nicotine and cotinine increased among exposed subjects. Biochemical

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety, tolerance, and efficacy of 24-hour nicotine patch therapy in adolescent smokers who were trying to stop smoking. METHODS Nonrandomized, open-label, 6-month clinical trial. METHODS Five public high schools in the Rochester, MN, area. METHODS Twenty-two adolescent

Dermal absorption of nicotine by people harvesting tobacco may cause an acute intoxication called green tobacco sickness. Although Brazil is the second largest producer of tobacco in the world, green tobacco sickness had not been reported in the country to date. We conducted a 1:1 matched

OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the nicotine absorption and dependence potential from unlicensed nicotine containing lozenges. METHODS A single case report of dependence on nicotine lozenges, plus measurements of nicotine levels before and after consumption of eight nicotine lozenges over 2 hours in

Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), the smokeless alternative to conventional tobacco cigarettes, have become increasingly popular. E-cigarettes vaporise e-liquid, a solution of highly concentrated nicotine, propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerine (VG). With the popularity

Green-tobacco sickness is an occupational illness of tobacco harvesters. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and prostration. The disease is self-limited and of short duration, but recurs frequently in susceptible workers. The aetiology is not known, but nicotine has been suspected as a

BACKGROUND Although the need for increased postoperative analgesia in smokers has been described, the effect of secondhand smoke on postoperative analgesia requirements has not been studied. We examined the effects of secondhand smoke on fentanyl consumption and postoperative pain. METHODS In this