craniofacial abnormalities/hypoxia

BACKGROUND In patients with acromegaly, sleep apnea-related hypoxemia results in considerable morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relative weight of pathogenic factors in predicting such hypoxemia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 34 acromegaly patients were submitted to

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is associated with craniofacial abnormalities that may predispose patients to sleep-related breathing disorders. There is limited literature on the polysomnography findings for children with this syndrome. Three patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome underwent

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common problem in children. It is characterized by a partial airway obstruction associated with hypoxemia and hypoventilation rather than complete airway obstruction. METHODS Adeno-tonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause but there are other

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by prolonged, generally partial, upper airway obstruction associated with hypoxemia and/or hypercapnia. Main etiological factors include hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoids, craniofacial abnormalities with reduction in the upper airway

BACKGROUND The description of Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS) let us to recognize the importance of the pair 'respiratory effort-arousal' on sleep-disordered breathing pathophysiology. METHODS First part of this paper reviews knowledge about respiratory arousal pathophysiology. Arousal

The prevalence of OSAS in children is 0.7-3%, with peak incidence in pre-schoolers. It is characterised by partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep, causing intermittent hypoxia. Both anatomical (severe nasal obstruction, craniofacial anomalies, hypertrophy of the pharyngeal

OBJECTIVE Sleep-disordered breathing describes a spectrum of upper airway obstruction in sleep from simple primary snoring, estimated to affect 10% of preschool children, to the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea. Emerging evidence has challenged previous assumptions that primary snoring is benign.

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), a common disorder, is characterized by repetitive episodes of cessation of breathing during sleep, resulting in hypoxemia and sleep disruption. The consequences of the abnormal breathing during sleep include daytime sleepiness, neurocognitive dysfunction, development of

Sleep apnea is an entity characterized by repetitive upper airway obstruction resulting in nocturnal hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. It is estimated that 2%-4% of the middle-aged population has sleep apnea with a predilection in men relative to women. Risk factors of sleep apnea include obesity,