encephalomyelitis/carbohydrate

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses (TMEV) are ubiquitous pathogens of mice, producing either rapidly fatal encephalitis (high-neurovirulence strains) or persistent central nervous system infection and inflammatory demyelination (low-neurovirulence strains). Although a protein entry receptor

Inflammatory infiltration has been recently emphasized in the demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system including multiple sclerosis. β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase I (β-1,4-GalT-I) is a major galactosyltransferase responsible for selectin-ligand biosynthesis, mediating rolling of the

A single peripheral dose of CNS-binding IgMs promote remyelination and preserve axons in a number of animal models of neurologic disease. A myelin-binding recombinant human IgM (rHIgM22) is presently in a safety trial in MS patients following an acute MS exacerbation. rHIgM22 (directed against

Prolonged, for a period of 5 cycles, immunization of rabbits with tick-borne encephalitis virus, reproduced in the brain of albino mice, caused diabetogenic reaction of the carbohydrate metabolism. It was expressed in hyperglycemia, reduction of hexokinase activity and of glycolysis of hepatic

The isoprenoid pathway was assessed in 15 patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The pathway was also assessed in individuals with differing hemispheric dominance to assess whether hemispheric dominance had any correlation with these disease states. The isoprenoid metabolites--digoxin, dolichol,

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are the main component of the extracellular matrix in the central nervous system (CNS) and influence neuroplasticity. Although CSPG is considered an inhibitory factor for nerve repair in spinal cord injury, it is unclear whether CSPG influences the

Background: Although myelin is composed of mostly lipids, the pathological role of myelin lipids in demyelinating diseases remains elusive. The principal lipid of the myelin sheath is β-galactosylceramide (β-Galcer). Its α-anomer (α-Galcer) has been demonstrated to be antigenically presented

Dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) is a C-type lectin receptor containing a carbohydrate recognition domain in its extracellular portion and an immunoreceptor tyrosine–based inhibitory motif, which transduces negative signals into cells, in its cytoplasmic portion. Previously, we showed that

A mucopolysaccharide inhibitor of Theiler's GDVII virus has been purified from intestinal tissue of adult mice. The purified material has been shown to consist chiefly of carbohydrate. Following acid hydrolysis of the inhibitor, several amino adds were found to be present. The carbohydrate

Lymphocyte migration into the brain represents a critical event in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the mechanisms controlling the recruitment of lymphocytes to the CNS via inflamed brain venules are poorly

Hymenoptera are the large group of insects which includes honey-bees, bumble-bees, paper wasps, hornets, ants. Female hymenoptera possess specialized stinging apparatus with which they inject their venom into prey's or intruder's body. It could be life-threatening for people sensitive to the venom.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses (TMEV) are divided into two groups: high-neurovirulence strains, such as GDVII, cause fatal encephalitis, while low-neurovirulence strains, such as BeAn and DA, cause persistent infection and demyelination in mice. Cell surface sialic acid is bound by the

Low-neurovirulence BeAn and DA Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses (TMEV) cause persistent infection in the central nervous system (CNS) of susceptible mouse strains, leading to an inflammatory demyelinating process. A role for a specific virus-cell receptor interaction has been posited to

Borna disease virus (BDV) is representative of the family of Bornaviridae in the order Mononegavirales (negative-stranded, non-segmented, enveloped RNA viruses). It is the causal agent for Borna disease, characterized as an encephalomyelitis (typical form) in a wide variety of domestic animals (from

This report describes an experimental procedure for constructing integrated lipid, carbohydrate, and protein microarrays. In essence, it prints liposomes on nitrocellulose-coated micro-glass slides, a biochip substrate for spotting protein and carbohydrate microarrays, and the substances that can