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Enzyme preparations from leaves of Rhus typhina L. (sumach) catalyzed the galloylation of 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose in the presence of the acyl donor beta-glucogallin (1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose), yielding a variety of oligomeric gallotannins (hexa- to nonagalloylglucoses)
Glycation is a spontaneous process initiated by a condensation reaction between reducing sugars and proteins that leads to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). The in vivo accumulation of AGEs is associated with several chronic human diseases and, thus, the search for AGE
Penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) has been shown by us and others to inhibit the in vivo growth of human prostate cancer (PCa) xenografts in athymic nude mice and mouse lung cancer allograft in syngenic mice without evident adverse effect on their body weight. We observed a rapid
Senescence is a permanent growth arrest and has been implicated as an efficient anti-carcinogenesis mechanism. The purpose of this study was designed to test the hypothesis that penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG), a naturally occurring polyphonolic gallotannin compound, might induce this
The objective of the present investigation was to examine the oral astringency and protein-binding activity of four structurally well-defined tannins, namely, procyanidin [epicatechin16(4-->8)catechin], pentagalloyl glucose (1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose), castalagin, and grandinin,
Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) is a gallotannin polyphenolic compound that occurs naturally in fermented Rhusverniciflua. The present study aimed to examine the effect of PGG on UVB-induced skin aging and its molecular mechanisms in HaCaT human keratinocytes and SKH-1
The gallotannin penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) has many biological activities including in vivo anti-cancer efficacy. We present in this paper a scaled-up protocol for its preparation in high purity from tannic acid by acidic methanolysis with typical yield of 15%. We also describe a method
Capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2) is a transmembrane extracellular matrix binding protein that is also an anthrax toxin receptor. We have shown that high-affinity CMG2 binders can inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth. We recently described a high-throughput FRET assay to identify CMG2
We have recently shown that penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG), a naturally occurring hydrolyzable gallotannin, inhibited the in vivo growth of human androgen-independent p53-mutant DU145 prostate cancer (PCa) xenograft in athymic nude mice without adverse effect on their body weight. We
We investigated the effects of the gallotannin penta-O-galloyl-beta-d-glucose (PGG) on interleukin (IL)-8 gene expression and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation. PGG inhibited IL-8 production and gene expression in human monocytic U937 cells stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as
We examined the analgesic effects of 1,2,3, 4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG), a prototypical gallotannin, in an animal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced pain. To evaluate the analgesic activity of β-PGG, we assessed the potential of β-PGG to inhibit the generation of nitric oxide (NO)
1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (PGG) is a gallotannin isolated from various plants. In a previous study, it was reported that PGG suppressed interleukin (IL)-4 induced signal pathway in B cell which is indispensable for immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. However, the suppressive effect
The compound 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG), a gallotannin present in various plants such as Rhus chinensis Mill and Paeonia suffruticosa, has a broad spectrum of antiviral effects. The present study investigated its potency against infection of mice with rabies virus (RABV).
Methanolic leaf extract of Mangifera indica (MEMI) was subjected to bioactivity guided fractionation in order to identify the active antidiabetic constituent. 32 fractions were evaluated for possible 11β-HSD-1 inhibition activity under in vitro conditions. The EA-7/8-9/10-4 fraction was evolved as a
Penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) is a naturally occurring gallotannin from some Oriental herbs. Several cell culture studies suggested a potential for PGG as a novel agent for the chemoprevention and treatment of cancer. Here, we investigated the cell death signaling mechanisms induced