hyperinsulinism/hypoxia

Interrelations of sympathoadrenal function and changes in glucose and insulin homeostasis were studied in chronically cannulated late gestation fetal sheep. Catecholamine secretory rates (based on direct adrenal sampling) and plasma concentrations were determined in the fetus during 2 h of

We report the beneficial effect of control of anemia on hyperinsulinemia and hypoxemia in a hemodialysis patient with corrected transposition of the great arteries. The patient's hemoglobin (Hb) level of 10.3 g/dl on admission represents good control for hemodialysis (HD) patients, but it was too

Sustained fetal hyperglycemia was produced in eight chronically catheterized fetal lambs (seven twins, and singleton) by means of direct fetal glucose infusion. In twin preparations, only one twin was infused, the noninfused twin serving as a simultaneous in utero control. Glucose infusions lasted

There is growing evidence that increases in both hematocrit and body iron stores are components of the insulin resistance syndrome. The ability of insulin and of IGF-I - whose effective activity is increased in the context of insulin resistance - to boost activity of the transcription factor

Despite numerous epidemiological data linking type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and breast cancer (BCa), there is limited experimental evidence of this association. The clinically relevant question is at what stage diabetes may exert its tumor-promoting activity. Moreover, identification of major

Newborn infants of poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetic mothers demonstrate a redistribution of iron from serum and tissue stores into red blood cells. These changes may be due to increases in iron utilization during augmented Hb synthesis, which compensates for chronic intrauterine

A historical cohort study was undertaken to determine the risk of epilepsy in a population of 18 newborns with neonatal hypoglycemia due to insulin excess. Follow-up was 3 years 8 months (range 7 years-1 year 3 months). Insulin excess was associated with maternal diabetes in 13 infants, with an

BACKGROUND Small for gestational age and birth asphyxia are associated with neonatal transient hyperinsulinism (THI). Some newborns with THI showed marked erythroblastosis on admission to our neonatal intensive care unit. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to test our hypothesis that fetal

Apnea, the temporary cessation of respiratory airflow, is a common cause of intermittent hypoxia (IH) in premature infants. We hypothesized that IH elicits a stress response and alters glucose homeostasis in the neonatal rat. Rat pups were studied on postnatal day (PD) 2, 8, 10, 12, and 14. Pups

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) controls the regulation of the fibrinolytic system in blood by inhibiting both urokinase-type and tissue-type plasminogen activators. Enhanced levels of PAI-1 are related to pathological conditions associated with hypoxia or hyperinsulinemia. In this study,

Transient hyperinsulinism (HI) occurs in infants born to diabetic mothers, in infants experiencing perinatal asphyxia and in infants with intrauterine growth retardation. The precise mechanism of transient HI in these different aetiologies is not fully understood. Lactic acidosis is commonly seen in

Fetuses of women whose diabetes is poorly controlled often exhibit hypoxemia and elevated catecholamine concentrations at birth. In the ovine fetus, experimental hyperinsulinemia results in hypoxemia, elevated catecholamine concentrations, and hemodynamic changes. Limited oxygen availability

Leptin is a regulator on placenta and conceptus during pregnancy. Hyperinsulinism and hypoxia induce partially overlapping pathophysiological disturbances during pregnancy. As insulin and hypoxia are known inducers of leptin secretion, we asked whether these two stimuli have synergistic effects. By

A markedly elevated peripheral nucleated erythrocyte count is reported in a term nonmacrosomic infant with congenital hyperinsulinism born to a nondiabetic mother. With control of hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism, the count declined to normal. A relationship of hyperinsulinism and erythropoiesis,