manganese oxide/hypoxia

The tumor microenvironment, essentially hypoxic, is sustained by the hypoxia inducing factor (HIF), released from the pro-tumorigenic tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), functionally identical to the M2 phenotype macrophages. Stability of HIF mainly depends on molecular oxygen and an iron-dependent

In spite of widespread applications of nano-photosensitizers, poor tumor penetration and severe hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) always result in an undesirable therapeutic outcome of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, a biocompatible agarose-based hydrogel incorporated with sodium

In the sedimental organic matter of eutrophic continental seas, such as the largest dead zone in the world, the Baltic Sea, bacteria may directly participate in nutrient release by mineralizing organic matter or indirectly by altering the sediment's ability to retain nutrients. Here, we present a

Tumor adaption to hypoxic stress not only plays a crucial role in tumor malignancy but also can protect cancer cells from therapeutic interventions. Hence, therapeutic strategies attenuating tumor hypoxia in conjunction with conventional therapies may be an ideal approach. Here, we report the

Multiple lithium-ion transport pathways and local phase changes upon lithiation in silver hollandite are revealed via in situ microscopy including electron diffraction, imaging and spectroscopy, coupled with density functional theory and phase field calculations. We report unexpected inter-nanorod

Radiotherapy (RT) has been used clinically to overcome cancer in recent decades. However, the abnormal tumor microenvironment (TME), involving hypoxia, acidosis and a dense extracellular matrix, is found to be related to the resistance of tumors to RT. Herein, intelligent bovine serum albumin

In response to the annual hypolimnetic anoxia in stratified reservoirs, water-lifting aerators (WLAs) were used in Jinpen Reservoir to supplement the dissolved oxygen in the bottom water and suppress the release of reduced pollutants from sediment. However, due to the influence of geomorphic

Phototherapy is a promising treatment method for cancer therapy. However, the various factors have greatly restricted phototherapy development, including the poor accumulation of photosensitizer in tumor, hypoxia in solid tumor tissue and systemic phototoxicity. Herein, a mitochondrial-targeted

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for life. The release of phosphorus from sediments is critical in sustaining phytoplankton growth in many aquatic systems and is pivotal to eutrophication and the development of bottom water hypoxia. Conventionally, sediment phosphorus release is thought to be