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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) typically refers to lower limb vessel ischemia caused by atherosclerotic stenosis of lower extremity arteries. IL18 is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine reported to function as an inflammatory biomarker in cardiovascular diseases. IL18 activity is balanced by
OBJECTIVE
To determine the risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a diabetic population and to examine whether different levels of these risk factors might explain why diabetic subjects have an increased risk of PAD compared with normal glucose tolerance subjects.
METHODS
There were
Objective: High levels of triglyceride (TG) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) values increase atherosclerosis risk. This study evaluates the relationship between peripheral artery disease (PAD) severity and complexity, as assessed by
Although smoking and hypertension are classic risk factors for atherothrombotic diseases, the relationship of dyslipidemia and vascular diseases, other than myocardial infarction, is less clearly established, especially in young subjects. In the current study, a detailed analysis of the lipid and
In Asian populations, diabetes mellitus is increasing and has become an important health problem in recent decades. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important complications and the most common cause of death in diabetic patients. Among the risk factors of CVD, elevated low-density
Intermittent claudication (IC) is the symptomatic expression of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which itself is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. Like other forms of atherosclerosis, PAD is associated with elevated rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality.
Background and aim: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with an increased risk of fatal and non-fatal coronary heart disease (CHD). The aims of the this study were 1) to investigate the prevalence of PAD and suspected PAD in a
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether different levels of education are associated with different atherosclerotic disease risk factors.
METHODS
The cross-sectional study, involving 388 consecutive patients with verified peripheral arterial disease, was performed in
BACKGROUND
The Western diet plays a role for the epidemics of obesity and related diseases. This study examined a possible association between peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and the dietary components of Japanese immigrants living in Brazil.
RESULTS
In this cross-sectional study, 1,267 subjects
Intermittent claudication, leg pain during a graded exercise test (GXT), and resting systolic pressures in the upper and lower extremities were recorded as indicators of peripheral arterial disease at visit 2 of the Lipid Research Clinics (LRC) Prevalence Study. Systolic pressures of the upper and
OBJECTIVE
To determine, in vitro, the susceptibility to apoptosis of lymphocytes from patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the presence of a low culture medium serum concentration, and to evaluate the correlation of the degree of apoptosis and the serum lipid
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between peripheral artery disease (PAD) and glaucoma.
METHODS
As part of a population-based study of 3280 persons of Malay descent (78.7% response) aged 40 to 80 years examined between August 1, 2004, and June 30, 2006, the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetes patients and to measure the strength of the association of selected risk factors.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study including two hundred and fifty-two type 2 diabetes patients older than 40 years was
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased incidence of lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) in community dwelling people free of clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline. We assessed whether higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers may