Receives 20 mL liposomal bupivacaine expanded with 10 mL of injectable sterile normal saline solution (0.9%) for a total of 30 mL injected in the posterior vaginal compartment in a standardized technique

Receives 30 mL of injectable sterile normal 0.9% saline solution injected in the posterior vaginal compartment in a standardized technique

Receives 20 mL liposomal bupivacaine expanded with 10 mL of injectable sterile normal saline solution (0.9%) for a total of 30 mL injected in the posterior vaginal compartment in a standardized technique
Liposomal bupivacaine: Extended-release local anesthetic

Intervention

Receives 30 mL of injectable sterile normal 0.9% saline solution injected in the posterior vaginal compartment in a standardized technique
Placebo - injection: Injectable normal saline solution

Placebo

Total

Sex: Female, Male

Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)

Race (NIH/OMB)

As measured by a 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). This scale ranges from 0-100 mm with 0 mm indicating no pain and 100 mm indicating the most pain. The study is powered to detect a decrease in postoperative pain by 20 mm on this scale, which is considered to be a clinically meaningful difference in prior studies. Results will be reported as mean pain scores at each time point (night of surgery, morning and evening for the first 72 hours after surgery, i.e. until postoperative day#3).

Postoperative Pain

As measured by a 5-question satisfaction survey administered at a 2 week postoperative visit. The survey includes Likert scale responses ranging from very unsatisfied to very satisfied with the surgical experience and specifically analgesia. "Patient Satisfaction" was defined as response "satisfied" or "very satisfied" on the Likert Scale. Average responses will be reported.

Number of Participants Reporting Satisfaction With Pain Control

Median time until first opioid administered after surgery

Time to First Opioid Administration

Measured in milligram morphine equivalents

Total Opioid Administration

Number of as-needed antiemetic doses patient received while in the hospital after surgery

Number of Antiemetic Doses Required Per Participant While Inpatient

Total length of hospital stay measured in hours, including readmissions

Hospital Length of Stay

Total length of stay in PACU measured in minutes

Length of Stay in Post-anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)

As recorded by patient - patients were asked each postoperative day (i.e. POD#0, POD#1, POD#2, POD#3) if they had a bowel movement that day, yes or no.

Number of Participants Who Had a Bowel Movement Within the First 3 Postoperative Days

Proportion of patients discharged home with Foley catheters after failed voiding trials in the hospital

Voiding Trial Failures

Number of Patients With Adverse Events

Overall Study

Dr. Sarah Evans

This study involves women undergoing surgery for pelvic organ prolapse

Liposomal bupivacaine

Placebo - injection

Women's Center for Pelvic Health

Extended Release Local Anesthetic for Postsurgical Pain After Posterior Colporrhaphy and Perineorrhaphy

Extended Release Local Anesthetic for Postsurgical Pain After Posterior Colporrhaphy and Perineorrhaphy: A Randomized Controlled Study

Sarah Evans, MD

Fellow Physician

Atrium Health

Post-ureteroscopy intraluminal injection of alkalinised high concentration levo-bupivicaine in the renal pelvis

Post-ureteroscopy intraluminal injection of 10 mls alkalinised high concentration levo-bupivicaine with l dexamethasone in the renal pelvis

Post-ureteroscopy intraluminal injection of 10 mls normal saline (placebo) in the renal pelvis

Pain, Postoperative

Ureter Stone

intraluminal injection post procedure for pain relief: alkalinised high concentration 10 mls

Levobupivacaine

intraluminal injection post procedure for pain relief: alkalinised high concentration 10 mls levobupivicaine and 2mls dexamethasone

Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate

Placebos

Adelaide and Meath incorporating National Children's hopsital

Local Anaesthetic and Steroid in the Ureter

Intraluminal Ureteric Injection of High Concentration Alkalinised Long-acting Local Anaesthetic and STeroid Post urEteroscopy: A Prospective Double Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial (LASTE Trial)

Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS) at least 3 different time points post-ureteroscopy

Rustom P Manecksha, MD, FRCS (Urol.)

Principal investigator

The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, incorporating The National Children's Hospital

Three arm double-blinded prospective randomised controlled trial

10 mls of solution will be handed to operating surgeon by the scrub nurse. The nurse will be the only person aware of the solution content and it will be documented discreetly. The operating surgeon, the investigator and the patients will not be aware of the solution used.

Subjects in group A get citicoline 1000 mg per day for 60 days

Subjects in group B get placebo for 60 days.

Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Citicoline 1000 mg will be repackaged and given to Group A for 60 days

Group A Citicoline 1000 mg oral tablet

Placebo will be repackaged and given to Group B for 60 days

Group B placebo oral tablet

Departemen Mata Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia- RSCM Kirana

Citicoline Effect on Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)

Citicoline Effect on Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) : Pattern Electroretinography Study

amplitude measured from the valley of N35 to the peak of P50 with pattern electroretinography

amplitude measured from peak of P50 to valley of N95 with pattern electroretinography

anatomical cross-sectional examination of retinal ganglion cells using optical coherence tomography (OCT) CirrusTM HD-OCT 5000. The mode is panomap ganglion cell analysis: Macular Cube 512x128 and 200x200 cube Optic disc. Examination is repeated with minimal attention to signal strength is ≥ 5.

visual field test results using Humphrey HFA II-i 750, 24-2 threshold. Examination is repeated by taking into account the confidence index that meets the three criteria below:
Fixation losses ≤ 20%
False positive ≤ 15%
False negative ≤ 20-30%
The parameters assessed are:
The mean deviation (MD): the result of the average sensitivity of the retina of patients compared with the normal population. This figure is obtained from the total deviation.
Pattern standard deviation (PSD): the result of the average sensitivity of the retina of patients who have adapted and showed a localized area index. This figure is obtained from the pattern deviation.

Valen Chia

dr. Valenchia

Sample of 20 people for each treatment group (Group A: citicoline and group B : placebo). Both group were given drug (whether citicoline or placebo) for 60 days.

The allocation of the subject is done by using block randomization. Randomization will be performed by a third party before the study began. Number randomization results will be incorporated into the white envelope sealed and classified into group A (got citcoline) or group B (placebo) in accordance with the results of randomization. Neither the participant, investigator nor the outcome assessor know whether the patient is classified into group A or B.

Hypercholesterolemia

3,5-Diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA) therapy

Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center

Study of 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic Acid (DITPA) in Hypercholesterolemic Patients

A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of 3,5-diiodothyropropionic Acid (DITPA) in Combination With Standard Therapy to Attain NCEP ATP III Goal for LDL Cholesterol in Hypercholesterolemic Patients

phospholipid/vomiting

Extended Release Local Anesthetic for Postsurgical Pain After Posterior Colporrhaphy and Perineorrhaphy

Local Anaesthetic and Steroid in the Ureter

Citicoline Effect on Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION)

Study of 3,5-Diiodothyropropionic Acid (DITPA) in Hypercholesterolemic Patients

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