3 结果
Although anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (ACSCC) is rare in developed countries, it has shown an annual increase of 4% in its incidence in Brazil, and according to data from the Oncocenter Foundation of São Paulo (FOSP), 2,338 cases were diagnosed in 2000 and 2016.
The standard treatment for
BACKGROUND
Much of the clinical practice of oncology involves palliative care. In this setting ,the emphasis is on alleviation of symptoms and preservation or improvement of quality of life. A large body of clinical evidence documents the effectiveness of local-field external beam radiotherapy in
1. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE 1.1 Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancer, comprises about 80% of all lung cancer cases, and five-year survival across all stages is about 12%. More