As a control to the experimental design, timepoint 0 was considered.

Absorption

After overnight fasting, the authorized study staff inserted a plastic cannula in an arm vein of the volunteers in order to minimize discomfort during consecutive blood sampling. A blood sample was collected on time point 0h and then the volunteers consumed 1mL of MO. The dose selection was based on the study of Papada et al. (2017) who administered healthy volunteers with 10g of Mastiha (containing ~10% MO). Afterwards blood samples were collected on time points 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h after MO intake, and were centrifuged at 3000rpm for 10 minutes at 4◦C for plasma and serum isolation. All samples were stored at -80◦C until further analysis.

Mastiha oil

Harokopio University

Absorption and Bioavailability of Major Monoterpenes in Mastiha Oil; a Kinetic Study in Humans.

The monoterpenes will be identified and quantified in plasma samples applying GC-MS-MS. Data will be presented through study completion in plasma concentration (μg/L).

Andriana C Kaliora

Assistant Professor in Foods and Human Nutrition

Low calorie diet in which 20 percent of daily calories will be provided from nuts

Cardiovascular Risk Factor

daily consumption of 20 percent of daily calories intake from nuts (pistachio, almond and peanuts)

Nut consumption

Low calorie diet

Clinical Nutrition Research Unit, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute

Effect of a Low Calorie Diet Containing Nuts on Systemic and Vascular Inflammation

Effect of Low Calorie Diets With and Without Nuts on Systemic and Vascular Inflammation in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Change in plasma level of inflammatory cytokines

Javad Nasrollahzadeh

Academic Member

Shahid Beheshti University

Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

low-caloric diet personalized on single children's requirements plus nuts (15g hazelnuts+15g nuts without shell) for 3 months.

Child Obesity

15g of nuts and 15g of hazelnuts in association with low caloric diet

wNUTS, low-caloric diet plus nuts

w/oNUTS, low-caloric diet without nuts

Efficacy of Nuts in Obese Children.

Efficacy of Walnuts and Hazelnuts on the Modification of the Lipid Content of Erythrocyte Membranes in Obese Children. A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Primary outcome is to compare percentage of fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes (in particular alpha-linolenic acid, ALA) with the content of other membrane-bound fatty acids. It will be compared in the two groups the ALA delta (delta%) between measurement at baseline compared to post-treatment (ie, after 3 months of treatment).

to compare percentage of fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes (in particular linoleic acid, LA) with the content of other membrane-bound fatty acids. It will be compared in the two groups the ALA delta (delta%) between measurement at baseline compared to post-treatment (ie, after 3 months of treatment).

To compare ambulatory blood pressure (mmHg) measured by validated devices (A&D TM-2430; in the week preceding the beginning of the assumption of diet plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts) and after 3 months from randomization in the two arms.

To compare mean arterial pressure obtained during the medical examination (mmHg) by oscillometric validated device in children (Omron 705 IT; average of three measurements) prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare waist circumference change in the 2 arms prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare weight change in the 2 arms prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare AIx change as measured by pulse wave analysis (PWA) by SphygmoCor XCEL and in the 2 arms prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) change measured by tonometer (SphygmoCor XCEL) in the 2 arms prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare cDC change measured by ultrasound in the 2 arms prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

To compare plasma epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, metabolites of arachidonic acid vis CYP450

To compare plasma dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, metabolites of EETs via sEH

To compare urine dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, metabolites of EETs via sEH

To compare plasma 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, metabolites of arachidonic acid via CYP450

To compare urine 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, metabolites of arachidonic acid via CYP450

To compare plasma epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids, metabolites of eicosapentaenoic acid via CYP450

To compare plasma epoxydocosapentaenoic acids, metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid via CYP450

To compare profile of the faecal microbiota by metagenomic of the gene sequences coding for the 16S rRNA prior to randomization and after 3 months of diet intake plus or minus nuts/hazelnuts.

Cristiano Fava

Professor

Universita di Verona

Randomized design. Two arms in parallel with blinded operator.

Participants will consume water only as the intervention

Participants will consume water plus 1.5 oz of pistachios as the intervention

Participants will consume water plus 3.0 oz of pistachios as the intervention

Muscle Soreness

Water

1.5 oz Pistachios

3.0 oz Pistachios

Effect of Pistachios on Muscle Recovery

Pistachios as a Recovery Food Following Rigorous Exercise in Trained Athletes

Serum will be analyzed for concentrations of creatine kinase as marker of muscle damage

Mark Kern

San Diego State University

Biological Availability

The volunteers will follow a low-phytochemical diet for five days, meaning that they will exclude fruits, vegetables, legumes, coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages and chocolate. On the day of the experiment and after overnight fasting, the volunteers will consume 10g of natural Mastiha and blood samples will be obtained on timepoints 0h, 30min, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h after Mastiha intake. Until timepoint 6h, will be allowed to consume only water. Urine samples will also be collected on timepoints 0h, 4h, 8h and 24h.

Mastiha

Bioavailability of the Microconstituents of Natural Chios Mastiha in Healthy Adults.

A Bioavailability Study of the Natural Chios Mastiha in Blood and Urine Samples of Healthy Adults.

"Assistant Professor in Foods & Human Nutrition"

Subjects will be given tree nuts (almonds, hazelnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, walnuts, and cashews) and peanuts (at a predetermined amount to consume based on their recommended energy intake), and advised to follow a diabetic diet.

Subjects will be given tree nuts (almonds, hazelnuts, pistachios, macadamia nuts, pecans, walnuts, and cashews) and peanuts as well as the control supplement (wheat bran muffin)(at a predetermined amount to consume based on their recommended energy intake), and advised to follow a diabetic diet.

Subjects will be given a control supplement (wheat bran muffin)(at a predetermined amount to consume based on their recommended energy intake), and advised to follow a diabetic diet.

pistacia lentiscus/抗氧化剂

Absorption and Bioavailability of Major Monoterpenes in Mastiha Oil; a Kinetic Study in Humans.

Effect of a Low Calorie Diet Containing Nuts on Systemic and Vascular Inflammation

Efficacy of Nuts in Obese Children.

Effect of Pistachios on Muscle Recovery

Bioavailability of the Microconstituents of Natural Chios Mastiha in Healthy Adults.

Effect of Nuts vs. a Wheat Bran Muffin in Type 2 Diabetes

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