A method for fermenting carbohydrate-rich crops is provided. Sugar beet, sugar cane, sweet sorghum, tropical maize hybrids and fruits are rich in simple sugars; potato, sweet potato, cassava and yam are rich in starch; and Jerusalem artichoke is rich in inulin. This method uses vacuum infusion to infuse yeast into the intercellular space (apoplast) of the parenchyma tissue. The simple sugars diffuse into the apoplast, come into contact with the yeast and produce ethanol. Ethanol can be extracted from the crop by vacuum stripping or crushing or can be left inside the starchy crop to preserve it. In some variants, pectinase enzymes degrade the parenchyma cell walls to speed up diffusion of simple sugars to the yeast, speed up diffusion of amylase to starch granules or speed up diffusion of inulinase to insoluble inulin.

Hamrick; Edward Brian

Methods for fermenting carbohydrate-rich crops

A method for operating an internal combustion engine utilizing a fuel mixture containing a suspension in air at a concentration of about 200 mg of fuel per liter of air, of a solid fuel including at least one of a cereal flour, a cotton flour, a soybean flour, a potato flour, a cassava flour, a dehydrated chocolate powder and a dehydrated milk powder, the solid fuel being in the form of a powder having an average particle diameter and median particle diameter at least 150 .mu.m.

Method for operating an internal combustion engine utilizing a carbohydrate-based fuel mixture

A method for treating various diseases, conditions and injuries with a protease preparation derived from Aspergillus orzyze and made using potato dextrin as the carbohydrate source is described. The method comprises orally administering the Aspergillus oryzae protease preparation on an empty stomach and in an amount greater than about 2,000,000 HUT per day. Additionally, a method for treating various diseases, conditions and injuries with a protease derived from Aspergillus oryzae made using potato dextrin as the carbohydrate source along with a nutritional supplement of vitamins and minerals is also described. The method comprises orally administering the Aspergillus oryzae protease preparation on an empty stomach in an amount of greater than 2,000,000 HUT per day and administering the dietary supplement of vitamins and minerals orally with food.

Standard Biologics, Inc.

Method of treatment using Aspergillus oryzae protease

This invention provides for novel cDNA and regulatory DNA sequences which modify carbohydrate metabolism in ripening fruit. In order to suppress fructokinase gene expression in transgenic plants and their fruit, we have isolated the cDNA of two tomato fructokinase genes that are expressed in developing and ripening fruit. These cDNA sequences, antisense sequences or ribozymes can be used to suppress expression of the transgenic plant's endogenous genes in ripening fruit by the use of chimeric constructions of the cDNA or antisense using either constitutive or fruit-specific and ripening-regulating regulatory sequences.In addition to a novel method of modifying carbohydrate metabolism, we have also found a novel fructokinase gene. Of the two tomato fructokinase genes described in this invention, one is highly homologous to previously described potato fructokinase gene; the other is highly divergent and represents a kinetically unique plant fructokinase.

The Regents of the University of California

Fructokinase genes and their use in metabolic engineering of fruit sweetness

The present invention is a device for delivering pesticide to pests, comprising (a) an outer layer comprising a porous water-insoluble polymeric; (b) an inner layer in contact with the outer layer, the inner layer comprising a water-soluble feeding stimulant and a carbohydrate which is at least partially gelatinized; and (c) a toxicant which is present on or in the outer layer, the inner layer, or both. The types of pests for which the device may be used to deliver pesticide are any pests which are able to be controlled by the toxicants used in the device and that can be attracted to an object to feed and/or lay eggs, such as the apple maggot fly, the Mediterranean fruit fly, the house fly, the oriental fruit fly, the blueberry fruit fly, the olive fruit fly, the melon fruit fly, and the Mexican fruit fly as well as other flies, beetles, wasps, moths, cockroaches, and any other insect that can be lured to a device for feeding or egg laying.The porous water-insoluble polymeric materials are pits, shellacs, linseed oil and other water soluble or water suspendible material that becomes insoluble upon drying. Examples of water-soluble feeding stimulants are sugary products chosen from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, fructose, molasses, maltodextrins, and corn syrup as well as corn flour, gluten or other sugary or proteinaceous and lipid materials for insects other than flies. Examples of carbohydrates are corn flour, cornstarch, wheat starch, and potato starch. Toxicants which may be used are dimethoate, phyloxine B, avermectin, azinphosmethyl, diazinon, permethrin, Imidacloprid, Malathion, Methomyl, or other insecticides available in sufficient quantity to kill insects upon feeding or alighting on the sphere. A high boiling liquid such as glycerin may optionally be added to the carbohydrate/first layer of the device to prevent cracking.

potato/carbohydrate

Methods for fermenting carbohydrate-rich crops

Method for operating an internal combustion engine utilizing a carbohydrate-based fuel mixture

Method of treatment using Aspergillus oryzae protease

Fructokinase genes and their use in metabolic engineering of fruit sweetness

Device for controlling pests

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