spermidine/arabidopsis

Malaria, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, affects up to 500 million individuals and kills over 1 million people every year. The increasing resistance of the malaria parasites has enforced strategies for finding new drug targets. In recent years, enzymes associated with the

Of the five polyamine oxidases in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtPAO5 has a substrate preference for the tetraamine thermospermine (T-Spm) which is converted to triamine spermidine (Spd) in a back-conversion reaction in vitro. A homologue of AtPAO5 from the lycophyte Selaginella lepidophylla

Phenolamides, so called hydroxycinnamic acid amides, are specialized metabolites produced in higher plants, involved in development, reproduction and serve as defence compounds in biotic interactions. Among them, trihydroxycinnamoyl spermidine derivatives were initially found to be synthetized by a

The effect of up-regulation of putrescine (Put) production by genetic manipulation on the turnover of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm) was investigated in transgenic cells of poplar (Populus nigra × maximowiczii) and seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana. Several-fold increase in Put production was

Four cDNAs for spermidine synthase (SPDS), which converts the diamine putrescine to the higher polyamine spermidine using decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine as the co-factor, were isolated from Nicotiana sylvestris, Hyoscyamus niger, and Arabidopsis thaliana. When the N.sylvestris SPDS cDNA was

Spermidine synthase is currently considered as a promising drug target in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, due to the vital role of spermidine in the activation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF5A) and cell proliferation. However, very limited information was available

To understand the physiological functions of polyamine oxidases (PAOs) in plants, we analyzed the effects of exogenous polyamines during seed germination and early seedling development, using Arabidopsis thaliana lines independently harboring T-DNA insertions in each PAO gene. Spermine caused

Spermidine synthases (SPDSs) catalyze the production of the linear triamine, spermidine, from putrescine. They utilize decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dc-SAM), a universal cofactor of aminopropyltransferases, as a donor of the aminopropyl moiety. In this work, we describe crystal structures of

Pollen grains are encased by a multilayered, multifunctional wall. The sporopollenin and pollen coat constituents of the outer pollen wall (exine) are contributed by surrounding sporophytic tapetal cells. Because the biosynthesis and development of the exine occurs in the innermost cell layers of

One key role of the essential polyamine spermidine in eukaryotes is to provide the 4-aminobutyl moiety group destined to the post-translational modification of a lysine in the highly conserved translation factor eIF5A. This modification is catalyzed by two sequential enzymatic steps leading to the

Hydroxycinnamic acid amides are a class of secondary metabolites distributed widely in plants. We have identified two sinapoyl spermidine derivatives, N-((4'-O-glycosyl)-sinapoyl),N'-sinapoylspermidine and N,N'-disinapoylspermidine, which comprise the two major polyamine conjugates that accumulate

The Arabidopsis genome contains four genes that encode proteins similar to both spermidine synthase and spermine synthase of other organisms. Our previous study revealed that one of these genes, designated ACAULIS5 (ACL5), encodes spermine synthase and that its null mutation results in a severe

Cyst nematodes are sedentary plant parasites that cause dramatic cellular changes in the plant root to form feeding cells, so-called syncytia. 10A06 is a cyst nematode secretory protein that is most likely secreted as an effector into the developing syncytia during early plant parasitism. A homolog

Polyamines play pivotal roles in plant defense to environmental stresses. However, stress tolerance of genetically engineered plants for polyamine biosynthesis has been little examined so far. We cloned spermidine synthase cDNA from Cucurbita ficifolia and the gene was introduced to Arabidopsis

Putrescine N-methyltransferases (PMTs) are the first specific enzymes of the biosynthesis of nicotine and tropane alkaloids. PMTs transfer a methyl group onto the diamine putrescine from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) as coenzyme. PMT proteins have presumably evolved from spermidine synthases