tuberculosis/protease

Background and Purpose of Research: Current Kenya National Antiretroviral(ARV) Guidelines recommend that after failing an NNRTI-based first line regimen, patients should move to a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r) + 2 nucleoside reverse transcript inhibitors second line regimen. Several

A significant barrier to the use of better tolerated antiretrovirals in many low-to-middle income countries (LMIC), where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, is a lack of evidence to support their use in patients with TB. Access to optimal protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens for patients with and

1. Introduction Hepatitis C infection is a major cause of chronic liver disease and death throughout the world1. Approximately 3% of the world's population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)2. HCV is transmitted by blood and in the UK occurs primarily through injecting drug use. Chronically

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy is able to effectively reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. If untreated, the risk of transmission is around 25% (greater with high viral loads) but ART administered optimally during pregnancy may reduce this risk to 1-2%. In order to

An alternative and emerging treatment for malignant pleural effusions is the placement of a chronic indwelling pleural catheter. Tunneled pleural catheters (TPC) are ideal for treatment of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) associated with a trapped or non-expandable lung which will not have

Drug interactions complicate concurrent treatment of HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection. Drug therapy for HIV and tuberculosis each consists of combined regimens with three or four drugs. Tuberculosis (TB) is the most significant co-infection of HIV patients in resource-limited

- Summary Background and aims The standard anti-tuberculosis drug, rifampicin, has major drug-drug interactions with the cornerstone of second-line therapy in resource-limited settings, lopinavir/ritonavir (Aluvia tablets). Concomitant administration of rifampicin and lopinavir/ritonavir reduces

Rifampin (RIF), the cornerstone of TB treatment, has very problematic drug-drug interactions with PIs. The use of relatively high doses of ritonavir appear necessary to overcome this interaction, but it is unclear whether the co-treatment regimen of RIF-based TB treatment and double-dose PI-based

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE The HIV and TB epidemics disproportionately affect sub-Saharan Africa, and have had a catastrophic impact in the region. The synergy between these pathogens has resulted in dramatic increases in TB incidence, with 58% of cases of adult TB in 2005 in South Africa being

Some attempts have been made to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir using ritonavir as booster by some researchers with dosages of 400/100 and 533/133 mg (the last dosage would be achieved with an additional capsule of lopinavir/ritonavir) but the results were disappointing because AUC was

This is a Phase I, open-label, randomized, 3-way crossover trial in 18 healthy volunteers to investigate the potential drug-drug interaction between rifampin and TMC435350. TMC435350 is a protease inhibitor in development for treatment of chronic HCV infection. The goal is to assess the PK and

The study consist in a open label randomized clinical trial comparing efavirenz 600mg QID versus efavirenz 800mg QID in patients with tuberculosis (treated with regimens including rifampicin) and AIDS diagnosis. The total duration of the study is 6 months for each patient. All eligible patient will

TB is common in resource-limited countries, and people infected with HIV are especially at risk for TB infection. The antituberculous drug RIF lowers plasma concentrations of PIs by increasing the activity of enzymes responsible for PI breakdown. RIF has been shown to reduce PI effectiveness, a

Currently, rifabutin is the only rifamycin that can be administered with indinavir. ACTG 365 is the first formal study of the pharmacokinetics of this dosing combination regimen in HIV seropositive patients. It is hypothesized that staggered administration of rifabutin and indinavir might minimize