xanthine/stroke

UNASSIGNED Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, reduced progression of carotid-intima media thickness and lowered blood pressure in a small clinical trial in people with ischaemic stroke. Xanthine oxidase inhibition for improvement of long-term outcomes following ischaemic stroke and transient

BACKGROUND Xanthine oxidase inhibitors are commonly used to lower uric acid levels in patients with gout. Due to their effects on endothelial function, they have also been investigated for possible benefits for patients with cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of

It is well-known that, in ischemic cerebral injury, a free radical and its byproducts are generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and eliminated by scavengers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, uric acid and ascorbic acid. To investigate the possible involvement of the

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of cerebral stroke. As NADPH oxidases (NOXs) play major roles in the regulation of oxidative stress, we hypothesized that reduction of NOX activity by depletion of p22phox, an essential subunit of NOX complexes, would prevent cerebral

Many drugs may cause cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. The authors describe the epidemiology and the physiopathological aspects of stroke in patients using anticoagulant therapy, oral contraception or ergot alkaloids. Cerebrovascular complications are also noticed in abusers of cocaine or other

Plasma levels of the oxidants xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde and the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, together with total superoxide scavenger activity and non-enzymatic superoxide scavenger activity, were determined in 19

It has been reported that the production of oxygen radicals mediated by xanthine oxidase (XO) is stimulated in hypertensive cardiovascular endothelium, suggesting involvement of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of hypertension. In this study we estimated the effect of nicardipine, a calcium blocker,

Inhibitors of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) with radical scavenging properties hold promise as novel agents against reperfusion injuries after ischemic events. By suppressing the formation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) by XO or scavenging ROS from other sources, these compounds may

The pharmacodynamic profile of a new xanthine derivative, 7-[(2,2-dimethyl)propyl]-1-methyl xanthine (CAS 155006-67-0, MX2/120), was investigated in comparison with theophylline. The compound reduces in vitro the bronchospastic tone induced by carbachol or histamine in guinea-pig bronchi, with a

The importance of xanthine oxidase and its products is being increasingly recognized in cardiovascular medicine. Patients who have had a stroke are at high risk of future cardiovascular events and this risk is higher in those with high urate levels. The aim of this pilot study was to see if

OBJECTIVE Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) reduce systolic blood pressure and stroke-related mortality in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SPSHR). Brain ischemia is associated with loss of intracellular antioxidants. Increased formation of oxygen radicals and oxidation of LDL may enhance

OBJECTIVE New preventative strategies for stroke are required. One promising strategy is uric acid reduction and xanthine oxidase inhibition with allopurinol. We sought to investigate whether allopurinol improves cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) following subcortical stroke. METHODS We performed a

The free radical-generating system of xanthine and xanthine oxidase is commonly used experimentally as a source of superoxide anion, which can produce oxidative stress, leading to cellular damage and death. Models of oxidative stress are important in elucidating pathologies associated with increased

The acute cardiovascular effects of a new xanthine, enprofylline, were studied in patients with chronic lung disease. The studies were done during cardiac catheterization (n = 12) and by radionuclide ventriculography (n = 6). Enprofylline was given intravenously, 2 mg/kg, and measurements were done