5 methylcytosine/dental caries

5-Methylcytosine (5mC) and its oxidized derivatives are regulatory elements of mammalian genomes involved in development and disease. These nucleobases do not selectively modulate Watson-Crick pairing, preventing their programmable targeting and analysis by traditional hybridization probes.

Significant research has been invested in correlating genetic variations with different disease probabilities. Recently, it has become apparent that other DNA modifications, such as the addition of a methyl or hydroxymethyl group to cytosine, can also play a role. While these modifications do not

In the experiment with guinea pigs at contact sialoadenitis reproduction (karragenine inflammation of soft tissues of the oral cavity) it was established that in DNA of salivary glands cells and the neighbouring tissues the content of 5-methylcytosine was decreased, it being normalized at "Triovit"

Repair of alkylation damage in DNA is essential for maintaining genome integrity. Escherichia Coli (E.coli) DNA repair enzyme AlkB removes methyl adducts including 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine present in DNA by oxidative demethylation from single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). E. coli single-stranded

Axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) is difficult to achieve, and no fundamental treatment can be applied in clinical settings. DNA methylation has been suggested to play a role in regeneration capacity and neuronal growth after SCI by controlling the expression of

The formation and crystal structure analysis of a cyclic trinuclear Pd complex with bridging 1-methylcytosinato model nucleobases is reported: [[(tmeda)Pd(1-MeC(-)-N3,N4)]3] (ClO4)3.5.5H2O (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; 1-MeC- = 1-methylcytosine deprotonated at exocyclic amino group)

The oral cavity is the sixth most common anatomical localization of head and neck carcinoma in men. Detection of oral carcinomas in the early asymptomatic stages improves cure rates and the quality of life. Tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking are the most important known risk factors for the

TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) on DNA and play important roles in various biological processes. Mutations of TET2 are frequently observed in myeloid malignance. Here, we present the crystal structure of human TET2 bound to methylated DNA at 2.02 Å resolution. The structure shows that

DNMT1, the major maintenance DNA methyltransferase in animals, helps to regulate gene expression, genome imprinting, and X-chromosome inactivation. We report on the crystal structure of a productive covalent mouse DNMT1(731-1602)-DNA complex containing a central hemimethylated CpG site. The methyl

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are involved in DNA demethylation through iteratively oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Here we show that human