adenosine triphosphate/diarrhea

BACKGROUND Chronic diarrhea during early infancy is characterized by intestinal mucosal injury, and as a consequence, the mitochondrial system of oxidation and reduction and energy production is altered. Since dietary nucleotides have been associated with the process of intestinal mucosal repair in

The etiology of secretory diarrhea in early life is often unclear. We report a Japanese boy who survived until 3 years of age, despite intractable diarrhea commencing soon after birth. The fecal sodium content was strikingly high (109 mmol/L [normal range, 27-35 mmol/L]) and the osmotic gap was

The purpose of this study is to investigate associations between allelic variations of ABCG2 and ABCB1 with skin toxicity, diarrhea, liver injury and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in gefitinib-treated patients. A prospective clinical study of 83 Japanese patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

Expression of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette B1 (ABCB1) transporter and P-glycoprotein are associated with resistance to anticancer drugs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphism in the ABCB1 and CYP3A genes in breast cancer patients who

BACKGROUND Erlotinib is a relatively new anilinoquinazoline indicated for treatment of pancreatic cancer in combination with gemcitabine. It is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that specifically targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is commonly overexpressed and/or mutated in solid

Gefitinib is a small molecule that specifically inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) type 1 by interfering with the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding site. At doses that maximally inhibit EGFR tyrosine kinase activity chosen for phase II trials, the

Unabsorbed dietary unsaturated fatty acids may cause diarrhea in patients with steatorrhea, but their ability to cause colonic fluid secretion is not known. The present study investigated the effect of several dietary long-chain unsaturated fatty acids on colonic absorption and morphology in the rat

Meat-eating was a game changer for human evolution. We suggest that the limiting factors for expanding brains earlier were scarcities of nicotinamide and tryptophan. In humans and some other omnivores, lack of meat causes these deficiencies. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is necessary to

Electrolytes are essential for basic life functioning such as maintaining electrical neutrality in the cells, generation, and conduction of action potentials in the nerves and muscles. Sodium, potassium, and chloride are the significant electrolytes along with magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and

Approximately 20% of new diagnosed breast cancers overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2), also known as erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (ERBB2) protein, as a consequence of ERBB2 gene amplification, resulting in a poor prognosis. Clinical outcome can be

Organic solute transporter alpha/beta (OSTα/β) is a heteromeric solute carrier protein that transports bile acids, steroid metabolites and drugs into and out of cells. OSTα/β protein is expressed in various tissues, but its expression is highest in the gastrointestinal tract where it facilitates the

OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the data on the efficacy and safety of the nutritional supplement creatine. METHODS Human studies in English in MEDLINE, Current Contents, BIOSIS, Science Citation Index, and the popular media (including a LEXIS-NEXIS search and information from the World Wide Web

The colorectal cancer ranks high among the malignant tumours in incidence and mortality and irinotecan is standardly used in palliative treatment of metastatic disease in every therapeutic line. Unfortunately, the treatment with irinotecan is often associated with severe toxicities, especially

Although specific compounds found in some East Asian traditional medicines have been shown to exhibit bioactive properties, their molecular mechanisms of action remain elusive. The bark of the Alnus species has been used for the treatment of various pathological conditions including hemorrhage,

Bone recurrence constitutes one third of initial sites of relapse and one half of distant sites of relapse at 10 years from diagnosis of breast cancer. Bone pain, fracture (including vertebral fracture resulting from increased bone resorption following chemotherapy-induced menopause), and